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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressPiyali Guhathakurta, Ewa Prochniewicz, Benjamin D. Grant, Kurt C. Peterson, David D. Thomas
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-08-04Publisher: The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB)Print ISSN: 0021-9258Electronic ISSN: 1083-351XTopics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyPublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressFuentes Pacheco, A., Carrillo Balam, G., Archibald, D., Grant, E., Skafida, V.
BMJ Publishing
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-02-23Publisher: BMJ PublishingElectronic ISSN: 2044-6055Topics: MedicineKeywords: Open access, Public healthPublished by: -
3Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressStaff View
Publication Date: 2018-10-31Publisher: National Academy of SciencesPrint ISSN: 0027-8424Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490Topics: BiologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPublished by: -
4Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressM. G. Aartsen ; R. Abbasi ; Y. Abdou ; M. Ackermann ; J. Adams ; J. A. Aguilar ; M. Ahlers ; D. Altmann ; J. Auffenberg ; X. Bai ; M. Baker ; S. W. Barwick ; V. Baum ; R. Bay ; J. J. Beatty ; S. Bechet ; J. Becker Tjus ; K. H. Becker ; M. L. Benabderrahmane ; S. BenZvi ; P. Berghaus ; D. Berley ; E. Bernardini ; A. Bernhard ; D. Bertrand ; D. Z. Besson ; G. Binder ; D. Bindig ; M. Bissok ; E. Blaufuss ; J. Blumenthal ; D. J. Boersma ; S. Bohaichuk ; C. Bohm ; D. Bose ; S. Boser ; O. Botner ; L. Brayeur ; H. P. Bretz ; A. M. Brown ; R. Bruijn ; J. Brunner ; M. Carson ; J. Casey ; M. Casier ; D. Chirkin ; A. Christov ; B. Christy ; K. Clark ; F. Clevermann ; S. Coenders ; S. Cohen ; D. F. Cowen ; A. H. Cruz Silva ; M. Danninger ; J. Daughhetee ; J. C. Davis ; M. Day ; C. De Clercq ; S. De Ridder ; P. Desiati ; K. D. de Vries ; M. de With ; T. DeYoung ; J. C. Diaz-Velez ; M. Dunkman ; R. Eagan ; B. Eberhardt ; B. Eichmann ; J. Eisch ; R. W. Ellsworth ; S. Euler ; P. A. Evenson ; O. Fadiran ; A. R. Fazely ; A. Fedynitch ; J. Feintzeig ; T. Feusels ; K. Filimonov ; C. Finley ; T. Fischer-Wasels ; S. Flis ; A. Franckowiak ; K. Frantzen ; T. Fuchs ; T. K. Gaisser ; J. Gallagher ; L. Gerhardt ; L. Gladstone ; T. Glusenkamp ; A. Goldschmidt ; G. Golup ; J. G. Gonzalez ; J. A. Goodman ; D. Gora ; D. T. Grandmont ; D. Grant ; A. Gross ; C. Ha ; A. Haj Ismail ; P. Hallen ; A. Hallgren ; F. Halzen ; K. Hanson ; D. Heereman ; D. Heinen ; K. Helbing ; R. Hellauer ; S. Hickford ; G. C. Hill ; K. D. Hoffman ; R. Hoffmann ; A. Homeier ; K. Hoshina ; W. Huelsnitz ; P. O. Hulth ; K. Hultqvist ; S. Hussain ; A. Ishihara ; E. Jacobi ; J. Jacobsen ; K. Jagielski ; G. S. Japaridze ; K. Jero ; O. Jlelati ; B. Kaminsky ; A. Kappes ; T. Karg ; A. Karle ; J. L. Kelley ; J. Kiryluk ; J. Klas ; S. R. Klein ; J. H. Kohne ; G. Kohnen ; H. Kolanoski ; L. Kopke ; C. Kopper ; S. Kopper ; D. J. Koskinen ; M. Kowalski ; M. Krasberg ; K. Krings ; G. Kroll ; J. Kunnen ; N. Kurahashi ; T. Kuwabara ; M. Labare ; H. Landsman ; M. J. Larson ; M. Lesiak-Bzdak ; M. Leuermann ; J. Leute ; J. Lunemann ; J. Madsen ; G. Maggi ; R. Maruyama ; K. Mase ; H. S. Matis ; F. McNally ; K. Meagher ; M. Merck ; T. Meures ; S. Miarecki ; E. Middell ; N. Milke ; J. Miller ; L. Mohrmann ; T. Montaruli ; R. Morse ; R. Nahnhauer ; U. Naumann ; H. Niederhausen ; S. C. Nowicki ; D. R. Nygren ; A. Obertacke ; S. Odrowski ; A. Olivas ; A. O'Murchadha ; L. Paul ; J. A. Pepper ; C. Perez de los Heros ; C. Pfendner ; D. Pieloth ; E. Pinat ; J. Posselt ; P. B. Price ; G. T. Przybylski ; L. Radel ; M. Rameez ; K. Rawlins ; P. Redl ; R. Reimann ; E. Resconi ; W. Rhode ; M. Ribordy ; M. Richman ; B. Riedel ; J. P. Rodrigues ; C. Rott ; T. Ruhe ; B. Ruzybayev ; D. Ryckbosch ; S. M. Saba ; T. Salameh ; H. G. Sander ; M. Santander ; S. Sarkar ; K. Schatto ; F. Scheriau ; T. Schmidt ; M. Schmitz ; S. Schoenen ; S. Schoneberg ; A. Schonwald ; A. Schukraft ; L. Schulte ; O. Schulz ; D. Seckel ; Y. Sestayo ; S. Seunarine ; R. Shanidze ; C. Sheremata ; M. W. Smith ; D. Soldin ; G. M. Spiczak ; C. Spiering ; M. Stamatikos ; T. Stanev ; A. Stasik ; T. Stezelberger ; R. G. Stokstad ; A. Stossl ; E. A. Strahler ; R. Strom ; G. W. Sullivan ; H. Taavola ; I. Taboada ; A. Tamburro ; A. Tepe ; S. Ter-Antonyan ; G. Tesic ; S. Tilav ; P. A. Toale ; S. Toscano ; E. Unger ; M. Usner ; N. van Eijndhoven ; A. Van Overloop ; J. van Santen ; M. Vehring ; M. Voge ; M. Vraeghe ; C. Walck ; T. Waldenmaier ; M. Wallraff ; C. Weaver ; M. Wellons ; C. Wendt ; S. Westerhoff ; N. Whitehorn ; K. Wiebe ; C. H. Wiebusch ; D. R. Williams ; H. Wissing ; M. Wolf ; T. R. Wood ; K. Woschnagg ; D. L. Xu ; X. W. Xu ; J. P. Yanez ; G. Yodh ; S. Yoshida ; P. Zarzhitsky ; J. Ziemann ; S. Zierke ; M. Zoll
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-11-23Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsPublished by: -
5Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressK. Pande ; C. D. Hutchison ; G. Groenhof ; A. Aquila ; J. S. Robinson ; J. Tenboer ; S. Basu ; S. Boutet ; D. P. DePonte ; M. Liang ; T. A. White ; N. A. Zatsepin ; O. Yefanov ; D. Morozov ; D. Oberthuer ; C. Gati ; G. Subramanian ; D. James ; Y. Zhao ; J. Koralek ; J. Brayshaw ; C. Kupitz ; C. Conrad ; S. Roy-Chowdhury ; J. D. Coe ; M. Metz ; P. L. Xavier ; T. D. Grant ; J. E. Koglin ; G. Ketawala ; R. Fromme ; V. Srajer ; R. Henning ; J. C. Spence ; A. Ourmazd ; P. Schwander ; U. Weierstall ; M. Frank ; P. Fromme ; A. Barty ; H. N. Chapman ; K. Moffat ; J. J. van Thor ; M. Schmidt
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2016Staff ViewPublication Date: 2016-05-07Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsPublished by: -
6Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressC. H. Chen ; E. D. Gutierrez ; W. Thompson ; M. S. Panizzon ; T. L. Jernigan ; L. T. Eyler ; C. Fennema-Notestine ; A. J. Jak ; M. C. Neale ; C. E. Franz ; M. J. Lyons ; M. D. Grant ; B. Fischl ; L. J. Seidman ; M. T. Tsuang ; W. S. Kremen ; A. M. Dale
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2012Staff ViewPublication Date: 2012-03-31Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*anatomy & histology/*metabolism ; Gene Expression ; *Genes ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Twins, Dizygotic/genetics ; Twins, Monozygotic/geneticsPublished by: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0025-1895Topics: EconomicsNotes: FEATURESURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1749-6632Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: Natural Sciences in GeneralType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-908XSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract We previously showed that rats sensitized to egg albumin (EA) respond toin vivo intraluminal antigen-challenge with decreased net absorption of water and electrolytes and depletion of mucosal histamine. However, administration of anti-histamines did not prevent the transport abnormalities. The presentin vitro studies examined the effect of histamine to alter net ion transport and the ability of diphenhydramine (DPH) and cimetidine (CIM) to block the responses to both histamine and antigen. Control rat jejunum was mounted in Ussing chambers and histamine was added to the serosal side either in the absence or presence of DPH or CIM. In control tissues histamine caused a transient increase in short-circuit current (Isc) in a dose-dependent manner between 10−5 and 10−4 M which was blocked by 10−5 M DPH but was unaffected by CIM in concentrations up to 10−4 M. There was no response to EA. Jejunum from sensitized rats exposed to EA demonstrated a biphasic Isc response: a rapid transient rise followed by a somewhat less elevated but sustained component. In tissues pre-treated with DPH the initial peak Isc response was significantly reduced. In the presence of the neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin, the initial peak was unaffected but the sustained component was reduced. Our results indicate that H1-receptors mediated the effects of histamine in rat jejunal mucosa but that during intestinal anaphylaxis histamine is responsible for only a portion of the antigen-induced transport abnormalities. Our data also suggest that IgE-mediated reactions in the intestine may involve an interaction between mast cell mediators and enteric nerves.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-908XSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract Antigen challenge of jejunal epithelium from rats sensitized to egg albumin induces an active Cl− secretory process secondary to release of mucosal mast cell mediators. The present study was designed to define the relative role of these mast cell mediators and the enteric nervous system in the transport abnormalities associated with intestinal anaphylaxis. Net ion transport of stripped jejural tissue from sensitized and sham-treated animals was studied in Ussing chambers. The Cl− secretory response induced by egg albumin during intestinal anaphylaxis was similar to that after addition of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), histamine, and prostaglandins D2 and E2 to jejunal tissue. Cinanserin, a 5-HT2-receptor antagonist, virtually abolished the response to 5-HT and totally abolished the response to egg albumin. Methysergide, a 5-HT1-receptor antagonist had no effect on either response. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, significantly inhibited the 5-HT and egg albumin response. Diphenhydramine, an H1-receptor antagonist and cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist both significantly inhibited the histamine response but neither altered the response to egg albumin. Atropine, an anticholinergic, and tetrodotoxin, a nerve blocker, did not inhibit the antigen induced anaphylactic response. These results indicate that 5-HT, acting through 5-HT2 receptors is largely responsible for the transport abnormalities seen in intestinal anaphylaxis induced by egg albumin while prostaglandins appear to play a partial role. The findings do not support a role for the enteric nervous system for the egg albumin induced changes in Cl− secretion.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1573-2568Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract To investigate postnatal maturation of hepatic bile formation, bile output was measured in four groups of rabbits: suckling infants at ages 10–14, 18–22, and 26–30 days, and adults. Bile output was collected directly from the common duct during three 1-hr periods: a basal period followed by intravenous infusion of 1 and then 2 μmol/min/kg of glycodeoxycholic acid. [14C]Erythritol and [3H]inulin clearances measured canalicular bile flow and biliary permeability. Under basal conditions and with the exogenous bile acid, bile flow and bile salt secretion were lowest in 10-to 14-day-old infants and showed a gradual increase with increasing age. Bile salt-dependent flow, the linear increase in flow relative to bile salt secretion, was higher in the 10-to 14-and 17-to 22-day-old compared to the adult and 25-to 30-day-old groups. The ratio of chloride to bile salt secreted was also higher in the two younger groups. Bile salt-independent flow at theoretical zero bile salt secretion was absent in the younger groups, but evident in the adult and 25-to 30-day-old rabbits. Canalicular flow estimated by erythritol clearance was linearly related to bile salt secretion. Inulin clearance relative to erythritol clearance was higher in the 10-to 14-day-old infants than the adults. Thus, bile flow and bile salt secretion are reduced in the young infant but rise to near adult levels at the time of weaning, 25–30 days in the rabbit. The increase in flow results from increased bile salt secretion and the appearance of bile salt-independent flow. Biliary permeability as measured by inulin clearance is increased in the young, allowing increased water and electrolyte movement per unit of bile salt to maintain bile flow despite a depressed bile salt secretion rate.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesDonegan, Leila ; Hudye, Sheryl A. ; Olson, Merle E. ; Hardin, James A. ; Gall, D. Grant
Springer
Published 1999Staff ViewISSN: 1573-2568Keywords: JEJUNUM ; BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT ; SURFACTANT ; GLUCOSESource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract Nonionic surfactants are commonly present inmany prepared foods and drug formulations as stabilizingagents. The aim of the current study was to examine theeffect of the common nonionic surfactant Tween-80 on jejunal glucose transport. New Zealand Whiterabbits (800-1200 g) were fasted for 24 hr. Jejunaltissue was stripped and mounted in short-circuitedUssing chambers. Unidirectional 3-O-methyl glucose fluxes were determined during a 15-min basaltransport period and a subsequent 15-min experimentalperiod after the mucosal addition of Tween-80 at finalconcentrations of 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1%.Tween-80 at final concentrations of 0.1% and 0.05%significantly increased net 3-O-methyl glucose transportover basal levels. The increase in Jnet wasdue to a significant increase in the absorptive Jm-s flux. Tween-80 at 0.01% and0.001% did not significantly alter net glucose transportalthough Jm-s was significantly increased inthe presence of 0.01% Tween-80. Tween-80, inconcentrations commonly found in prepared foods, enhances theintestinal absorption of glucose.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1573-9686Keywords: Insulin ; Controlled release micropump ; Basal delivery ; DiffusionSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineTechnologyNotes: Abstract A model has been developed to describe the delivery of insulin from a controlled release micropump (CRM). Basal delivery was provided by diffusion due to a concentration difference driving force across the CRM. This was modelled by considering the CRM to be a series of one-dimensional steady-state diffusion resistances. This delivery model was used to size prototypes and identify the piston, foam and the pump outlet as the controlling resistances to basal insulin transport. Augmented delivery by the CRM was achieved by repeated compression of a foam disk by a mild steel piston which was driven by a solenoid (tested voltage range 0–173 V DC; 5 msec “on” time; frequency 20–40 min−1). The increased delivery was attributed to the combination of mixing inside the pump barrel and displacement of barrel contents into the downstream reservoir. This action was approximated by a three-compartment model, which considered the CRM to consist of a well-mixed upstream reservoir and pump barrel (with a downstream reservoir) separated by two resistances: a constant upstream membrane resistance, (KmAm)−1, and a variable downstream mixing rate resistance, (Qd)−1. A least squares fit of the model to experimental data showed Qd to increase with the cube of the force on the piston and linearly with the compression frequency. In agreement with experimental results, the model predicted the upstream membrane to be rate controlling only at augmented pump resistances close to the value (KmAm)−1. These models were used to design an improved prototype (VIII) which is now being evaluated in vivo in pancreatectomized dogs for its efficacy in restoring and sustaining normoglycemia.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesMoo-Young, Murray ; Halard, Benoit ; Allen, D. Grant ; Burrell, Robert ; Kawase, Yoshinori
New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Published 1987Staff ViewISSN: 0006-3592Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and BiotechnologySource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: Oxygen transfer rates and gas holdups were measured in mycelial fermentation broths of Chaetomium cellulolyticum and Neurospora sitophila, each cultured in a 1300-L pilot-plant-scale airlift fermentor. These cultures exhibited highly non-Newtonian flow behavior coupled with a substantial decrease in oxygen transfer rates. The volumetric mass transfer coefficients in these cultures were found to be 65-70% lower than those in water. The data were compared with the available correlations obtained for simulated fermentation broths. In general, the data for C. cellulolyticum are in satisfactory agreement with the correlations for the model media but the data for N. sitophila are higher than that predicted by the correlations. Model media based correlations are found to be applicable to the fermentation processes if the culture medium does not possess a high yield stress.Additional Material: 7 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0006-3592Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and BiotechnologySource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: The influence of Aspergillus niger broth rheology, bioreactor geometry, and superficial gas velocity on the volumetric liquid phase oxygen transfer coefficient (kLaL), riser gas holdup (εGR), and circulating liquid velocity (uLR) was studied in a bubble column (BC) and two external-circulation-loop airlift (ECLAL) bioreactors. The results are compared to those of previous studies on homogeneous fluids and in particular with a recent study on non-Newtonian carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solutions conducted in the same contactors used for the A. niger fermentations. As expected from the CMC-based studies, in the heterogeneous broths of A. niger εGR, kLaL, and uLR decreased with increasing broth apparent viscosity; εGR and kLaL decreased with increasing downcomer-to-riser cross-sectional area ratio, Ad/Ar, whereas uLR increased with increasing Ad/Ar. Gas holdup data in the airlift fermentations of A. niger were well predicted by the CMC-based correlation. However, the CMC-based correlations produced conservative estimations of kLaL and overestimates of uLR compared to the observed values in the A. niger broths.Additional Material: 8 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0006-3592Keywords: filamentous fermentation broths ; rheology ; yield stress ; non-Newtonian ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and BiotechnologySource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: The existence of a yield stress in filamentous fermentation broths has important transport phenomena implications in the design and operation of bioreactors. In this study, the constant shear rate vane method was assessed for directly measuring the yield stress of filamentous Aspergillus niger fermentation broths, as well as model fluids (ketchup, yogurt, and pulp suspensions). The method involved rotating 4-, 6-, and 8-bladed vanes (7.2 cm ≤ height ≤ 15 cm; 4.0 cm ≤ dia. ≤ 6 cm) at speeds of 0.01 to 0.64 rpm in the fluid and plotting the torque as a function of time. Based on visual observations, the consistency of the results with vane type and speed and comparison with previous work on nonbiological samples, it was concluded that the method is an effective and consistent technique for yield stress measurements on filamentous fermentation broths. Based on comparisons with concentric cylinder viscometer results, it was also concluded that the value determined via the vane method was a “static” yield stress (values of up to 28 Pa) which was much greater than the extrapolated (or “dynamic”) yield stress determined via the concentric cylinder viscometer. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Additional Material: 8 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0006-3592Keywords: airlift bioreactor ; shera rates in reactors ; hydrodynamics ; non-Newtonian fluids ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and BiotechnologySource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: The determination of the shear rate in bubble column and airlift bioreactors is an important question from both the perspective of cell damage and the correlation of hydrodynamic parameters in non-Newtonian fluids in these contractors. In the context of correlating hydrodynamic parameters in non-Newtonian fluids, a common approach involves assuming that there exists an average shear rate in the column that is proportional to the superficial gas velocity. This average shear rate is then used to evaluate an effective viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid that is subsequently used to quantify the fluid's rheological behavior in correlation. Contrary to a recent communication, this report illustrates that this approach, which has mainly been applied to bubble columns, can also be applied to external loop airlift contractors, replacing the superficial gas velocity by the superficial gas velocity by the superficial gas velocity supplied to the riser of the contractor. This extension is based upon consideration of the relevant characteristic velocity in the active zone (i.e., the riser section) of the reactor.Additional Material: 2 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesWalgama, Kirthi S. ; Fisher, D. Grant ; Shah, Sirish L.
Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
Published 1989Staff ViewISSN: 0001-1541Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical EngineeringSource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: A stable Kalman filter predictor (KFP) is developed which generates minimum variance estimates of the future outputs {y(t + i | t), i = 1, … d} of stochastic, single-input/single-output processes with time delay, d. The predicted outputs are used for time delay compensation and in the design of a predictive feedback controller. An innovation model analysis is used to convert the state space formulation to transfer function form and to show the relationship between the KFP, the Smith predictor, and the internal model controller. A modified KFP includes a disturbance model, and eliminates offset due to deterministic disturbances (e.g., steps) and modeling errors. Simulation results show that the modified KFP also predicts the disturbances and gives significantly better performance than the Smith predictor, particularly in the presence of process and measurement noise.Additional Material: 17 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0001-1541Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical EngineeringSource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: Model predictive control (MPC) schemes such as MOCCA, DMC, MAC, MPHC, and IMC use discrete step (or impulse) response data rather than a parametric model. They predict the future output trajectory of the process {ŷ(k + i), i = 1, …, P}, then the controller calculates the required control action {Δu(k + i), i = 0, 1, …, M - 1} so that the difference between the predicted trajectory and user-specified (setpoint) trajectory is minimized. This paper shows how the step (impulse) response model can be put into state space form thus reducing computation time and permitting the use of state space theorems and techniques with any of the above-mentioned MPC schemes. A series of experimental runs on a simple pilot plant shows that a Kalman filter based on the proposed state space model gives better performance that direct use of the step response data for prediction.Additional Material: 10 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0001-1541Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical EngineeringSource: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: This paper presents three methods of designing feedforward compensators which can be combined with multivariable feedback controllers in order to minimize or eliminate errors caused by sustained measurable disturbances. The designs are based on a linear, time-invariant state-space model of the process and minimize a quadratic function of the errors and/or constrain selected steady state offsets to zero. Simulated and experimental data from a computer controlled pilot-plant evaporator show that multivariable feedback-plus-feedforward control is relatively simple to implement, is practical, and gives excellent control.Additional Material: 7 Ill.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: