Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:D. Gerlach)
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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressC. D. Arnold ; D. Gerlach ; C. Stelzer ; L. M. Boryn ; M. Rath ; A. Stark
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-01-19Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping/*methods ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/growth & development ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic/*genetics ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genome/genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Ovary/metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Transcription, GeneticPublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressJ. K. Colbourne ; M. E. Pfrender ; D. Gilbert ; W. K. Thomas ; A. Tucker ; T. H. Oakley ; S. Tokishita ; A. Aerts ; G. J. Arnold ; M. K. Basu ; D. J. Bauer ; C. E. Caceres ; L. Carmel ; C. Casola ; J. H. Choi ; J. C. Detter ; Q. Dong ; S. Dusheyko ; B. D. Eads ; T. Frohlich ; K. A. Geiler-Samerotte ; D. Gerlach ; P. Hatcher ; S. Jogdeo ; J. Krijgsveld ; E. V. Kriventseva ; D. Kultz ; C. Laforsch ; E. Lindquist ; J. Lopez ; J. R. Manak ; J. Muller ; J. Pangilinan ; R. P. Patwardhan ; S. Pitluck ; E. J. Pritham ; A. Rechtsteiner ; M. Rho ; I. B. Rogozin ; O. Sakarya ; A. Salamov ; S. Schaack ; H. Shapiro ; Y. Shiga ; C. Skalitzky ; Z. Smith ; A. Souvorov ; W. Sung ; Z. Tang ; D. Tsuchiya ; H. Tu ; H. Vos ; M. Wang ; Y. I. Wolf ; H. Yamagata ; T. Yamada ; Y. Ye ; J. R. Shaw ; J. Andrews ; T. J. Crease ; H. Tang ; S. M. Lucas ; H. M. Robertson ; P. Bork ; E. V. Koonin ; E. M. Zdobnov ; I. V. Grigoriev ; M. Lynch ; J. L. Boore
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2011Staff ViewPublication Date: 2011-02-05Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Adaptation, Physiological ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Daphnia/*genetics/physiology ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Conversion ; Gene Duplication ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes ; Genes, Duplicate ; *Genome ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multigene Family ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNAPublished by: -
3FIS Bildung LiteraturdatenbankStaff View
Type of Medium: articlePublication Date: 1987Keywords: Fahreignung ; Straßenverkehr ; Sonderpädagogik ; Erfahrungsbericht ; Verkehr ; KörperbehinderterIn: Die Rehabilitation, Bd. 26 (1987) H. 2, S. 80-84, 0034-3536Language: German -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0031-9422Keywords: 3-hydroxyoctyl β-d-glucoside ; Malus sylvestris ; Rosaceae ; apple ; free and bound (R)-(+)-octane-1,3-diol. ; fruitSource: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesGerlach, D ; Ozegowski, J.-H ; Günther, E ; Vettermann, S ; Khöler, W
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1996Staff ViewISSN: 1574-6968Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract NAD-glycohydrolase (NADase) was purified from culture supernatant fluids of group C streptococci by adsorption on silica gel, chromatography on hydroxyapatite and ion exchange on Mono S column. After inactivation of a chymotrypsin-like protease, a homogeneous enzyme was isolated with an N-terminal sequence of VSGKEGKKSDVKYEMTKVMEANATSS-KEDKHVMHTLDKVM. According to serological methods, the purified enzyme of group C streptococci was identical to the group A enzyme showing a specific activity of 10000000 U mg−1. It did not attack NADH, NADP or NADPH. In addition, a streptodornase was isolated having an N-terminal sequence of KTVSVNQTYGE.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1437-1596Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineLawType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1437-1596Keywords: Nadelstichverletzung ; Wundaltersbestimmung ; Vitale Reaktion, NadelstichverletzungSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineLawDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Histochemische Untersuchungen von 109 Nadelstichverletzungen an 96 Proben menschlicher Haut zeigen, daß eine Altersbestimmung des Mikrotraumas innerhalb brauchbarer Grenzen möglich ist. In 80 Fällen mit gut erhaltener, frischer Haut waren je nach Wundalter die Adenosintriphosphatase, die alkalische und saure Phosphatase, die Aminopetidase und die unspezifischen Esterasen darstellbar. In 16 Fällen mit autolytisch veränderter Haut war nur die Adenosintriphosphatasereaktion noch brauchbar zu beurteilen. Bei einiger Erfahrung konnte, durch Sichtbarmachung der Adenosintriphosphatase, das Alter einer Verletzung in einen Zeitraum von mehr oder weniger als einer Stunde eingeordnet werden. Bei bekanntem Injektionszeitpunkt ist der Todeszeitpunkt exakt bestimmbar. In juristisch relevanten Fällen können die histochemischen Reaktionen als brauchbare Hinweise angesehen werden, um eine Wundaltersbestimmung vorzunehmen. Dagegen ist es nicht möglich, eine an Sicherheit grenzende Wahrscheinlichkeit durch diese Methode festzustellen.Notes: Summary Examination of enzymic activities and histochemical reactions on needle pricks can be used to determine the age of micro-injuries with sufficient exactness. Well preserved skin shows patterns of enzymes which also appear with other skin injuries and which were described in detail especially by Raekallio (1970, 1972). In autolytical changes of the skin the adenosinetriphoshatase-reaction is still reliable and can be successfully estimated. If one has sufficient experience it is possible to fairly exactly estimate the age of an injury within the first hour after the injury by preparation of the adenosinetriphosphatase-reaction. If the times of injections are known one frequently succeeds in determining the time of death by exactly determining the age of the injury. In legal expertises the histochemical reactions can rightly be regarded as useful indications of a certain age of the injury. But they do not allow an exact estimate „beyond a reasonable doubt“.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1437-1596Keywords: Sucht ; Rauschdrogen ; Drogentod ; Organschäden bei DrogenkonsumentenSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineLawDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Rauschmittelinduzierte Organveränderungen des Menschen zeigten sich als Schäden, die durch die Applikation und mittelbar oder unmittelbar durch das Gift gesetzt wurden. Todesursächlich waren oft ein Lungenödem, Hirnödem oder ein toxisches Kreislaufversagen sowie Funktionsausfälle durch Degeneration von Zellen oder Zellverbänden. Bei allen Rauschmittelkonsumenten standen Leberschäden im Vordergrund der Befunde. Zelldegenerationen und Rundzellinfiltrationen im portobiliären Feld konnten in den meisten Fällen nicht als Virushepatitis, sondern als Drogenhepatopathie angesprochen werden. Fermente waren in der geschädigten Leber allgemein vermindert. An den Nieren waren sowohl toxische, degenerative Veränderungen als auch entzündliche Reaktionen erkennbar geworden. Am Gehirn lagen die Schäden im Zellbereich. Schwere nekrotische Veränderungen oder Degenerationen in größerem Umfang wurden nicht beobachtet. Vereinzelt traten perivasale Blutungen auf. Am Herz- und Gefäßsystem wurden überwiegend entzündliche Veränderungen als Applikationsschäden festgestellt. Durch zentral stimulierende Stoffe wurde eine Mediaverdickung der Lungengefäße mit Zeichen von Hypertension beobachtet.Notes: Summary Human organic lesions, which were induced by narcotic poisons, are caused by application and directly or indirectly by toxic substances. Cause of death is very often edema of the lung and the brain or toxic circulatory failure as well as an insufficiency of organic functions by cellular degeneration. Users of narcotic poisons mainly show liver damage. Cell degeneration and infiltration of round cells in the portal-biliary areas are mostly interpreted as drug hepatopathy and not as viral hepatitis. Enzyme levels in histochemical reactions are decreased in the damaged liver tissue. The kidneys show toxic degeneration and inflammatory reactions. Brain lesions are confined to cellular damage, without necrotic degeneration of larger areas. Sporadically perivascular hemorrhages are seen. Heart and vascular system mainly show an inflammatory reaction caused by the application of the poison and seldom embolism in the capillaries by injection of dissolved tablets. Centrally stimulating substances cause hypertrophy of the tunica media in the lung vessels, combined with pulmonary hypertension.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1437-1596Keywords: Gunshot ; Path of a bullet, fiber infiltration and distribution of textile fibers ; Schuß ; Schußkanal ; Einschleppung und Verteilung von TextilfasernSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineLawDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 21 Blöcke aus 20%iger Gelatine, an deren Stirnfläche eine mit Technetium-99m markierte Textilvorlage angebracht war, wurden mit Faustfeuerwaffen der Kaliber .22 long rifle und .357 Magnum beschossen. Es wurden jeweils 2 Schußserien mit verschiedener Munition auf Sommer-, Übergangs- und Winterbekleidung abgegeben. Die Radioaktivität der beschossenen Blöcke wurde mit einem Photonenemissions-Computertomographen gemessen. Die Ergebnisse der jeweiligen Schußserien wurden graphisch dargestellt und miteinander verglichen. Initial (bei 2 cm Tiefe) findet sich immer eine hohe Radioaktivität, die u.a. durch die zwangsläufige Verunreinigung der Geschoßoberfläche beim Schuß durch die technetiummarkierte Textilvorlage bedingt ist (Abstreifvorgang). Höhere Radioaktivität in den mittleren und tiefen Blockbereichen ist allein auf Fasereinschleppung zurückzuführen. Demnach finden sich größere Faseransammlungen in den mittleren und tieferen Bereichen des Schußkanals hauptsächlich bei dünner Bekleidung (Sommer). Dicke Bekleidung (Herbst und Winter) stellt auch für Geschosse größerer Auftreffenergie ein erhebliches Hindernis dar. Hierbei schleppen lediglich Projektile mit geringer Deformationsneigung und hoher Auftreffenergie einen wesentlichen Anteil textiler Fasern bis in tiefere Abschnitte des Blocks ein.Notes: Summary Twenty-one blocks consisting of 20% gelatin were fired at using firearms of the long rifle caliber .22 and .357 Magnum. The frontal area of these blocks was prepared with textile coverings marked with technetium 99m. Two gunshot series of each type were fired at summer, interseasonal, and winter clothing, using different ammunition. The radioactivity of the bombarded blocks was measured by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The results of these gun shot series were presented graphically and compared. Initially (at 2 cm depth), high radioactivity is always detected, which among other things is caused by the defilement of the bullet's surface when shot through the textile covering marked by technetium. The higher radioactivity in the middle and deeper block areas is the result of fiber infiltration. Accordingly, there are greater fiber accumulations in the middle and deeper areas of the path of the bullet. This is the case mainly in thinner clothing (summer). Heavier clothing (autumn, winter) presents a greater obstacle for bullets with greater impact as well. Here, only projectiles having a lesser tendency to deform, as well as a high impact, transport a considerable proportion of textile fibers into the deeper parts of the blocks.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1437-1596Keywords: Haschisch, Organschäden ; Rauschdrogen, OrganschädenSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineLawDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach 7- und 30-tägiger oraler Applikation von Haschisch bei Ratten und Kaninchen wurden in Leber, Niere und Gehirn toxische Schäden nachgewiesen. Das Hirngewebe war hyperämisch und ödematös gelockert. Die Ganglienzellen der Großhirnrinde, der Stammkerne und des Kleinhirnes wiesen vielfach exzentrisch verlagerte Kerne mit Vermehrung der Kernkörperchen auf. Zellschäden in unterschiedlichen Stadien waren mit Kernvakuolen, Pyknosen und Karyolysen abgrenzbar. Auflockerungen und Vakuolen im Plasma waren vielfältig ausgebildet. In der Niere imponierte neben interstitiellen Blutungen eine trübe Schwellung mit vakuoliger Degeneration der Hauptstückzellen und Kernpyknosen und Karyolysen in allen Stadien. Die Glomeruli waren vielfach vergrößert, zeigten Verdickungen der Bowman'schen Kapseln und umgebende Infiltration mit Zelltrümmern. Im Lebergewebe zeigten sich Kernunruhen, Lochkernbildungen, Plasmavakuolen und Zellnekrosen. Rundzellinfiltrate im portobiliären Feld waren meist mit einer Aktivierung der Kupffer'schen Sternzellen und intrazellulärer Galleanreicherung vergesellschaftet.Notes: Summary Toxic lesions were found in liver, kidney and brain of rats and rabbits after oral application of hashish for 7 or 30 days. The brain tissue showed hyperemia and edema. The cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum contained ganglion cells with eccentric nuclei and an icreased number of nucleoli. Different stages of cell lesions could be distinguished by nuclear vacuoles, pyknosis and karyolysis. The cytoplasma was loosened and showed numerous vacuoles. In the kidney we found, besides interstitial hemorrhage, cloudy swelling of the proximal tubules with vacuolous degeneration and nuclear pyknosis and karyolysis in all stages. The glomeruli were often enlarged with thickening of Bowman's capsule and surrounding cellular infiltration with cell fragments. The liver cells showed irregularities of nuclei and vacuolated nuclei, plasma vacuoles and cell necrosis. Infiltrations of round cells at the portal-biliary areas were usually combined with an activation of the Kupffer cells and intracellular bile stasis.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1437-1596Keywords: Osteosynthesis, fracture nails ; Fatal heart tamponade ; Osteosynthese, Spickdrähte ; HerzbeuteltamponadeSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineLawDescription / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über zwei Fälle mit operativ versorgten Luxationen des Sternoclaviculargelenks berichtet, bei denen es durch Wanderung von Spickdrähten zu tödlich verlaufenden Herzbeuteltamponaden gekommen war. In beiden Fällen trat der Tod durch nicht umgebogene oder anders ausreichend gegen Wanderung gesicherte Spickdrähte ein, und in beiden Fällen war eine mangelhafte Röntgenkontrolle erfolgt. Die behandelnden Ärzte wurden wegen fahrlässiger Tötung angeklagt. Sie hatten nicht die nach den Umständen erforderliche Sorgfalt walten lassen. Aus den Strafverfahren gegen die Ärzte ergeben sich die Schlußfolgerungen und Forderungen, daß bei operativen Osteosyntheseverfahren zur Fixierung von Luxationen des Sternoclaviculargelenks Wanderungen des Osteosynthesematerials durch geeignete Maßnahmen vorgebeugt werden muß und daß Röntgenaufnahmen in kurzen zeitlichen Abständen in verschiedenen Ebenen angefertigt werden müssen. Osteosynthesematerial soll so bald wie möglich entfernt werden.Notes: Summary Two cases of dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint are reported in which migrating nails caused fatal heart tamponade. In both cases death occurred due to fracture nails which had not been bent or secured against migration in some way, and X-ray control had been inadequate. The doctors were charged with manslaughter by negligence since they had not exercised reasonable care as would have been required in those circumstances. As a result of the two attending physicians, trials, it is concluded when that operative osteosynthesis techniques are applied in order to affix dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint, migration of the osteosynthesis material must be prevented by adequate measures and that X-rays have to be taken within short intervals from different planes. Osteosynthesis material should be removed as soon as possible.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1437-1596Keywords: Ballistics ; Gunshot wounds ; Hunting accidents ; Unsafe hunting practicesSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineLawNotes: Abstract Accidental hunting firearm injuries and fatalities (257 cases from 1961 to 1992) were evaluated in detail. Most persons responsible for the accident were more than 40 years old and experienced in hunting, and 26% of the gunshot wounds were fatal. In 77% of cases the victim was shot by another person and in 23% the wound was self-inflicted. The firearms/ammunition used were pellets from shotguns (63%), bullets from rifles (31%), shotgun slugs (3.5%) and bullets from handguns (2.5%). In 22% of all accidents from pellets severe eyeball injuries were involved, and 38% of the wounds were caused from a distance of 5 m or less, including all self-inflicted injuries. The most frequent factors responsible for the accident were: improper handling of the firearm (37%), failure to notice the victim (24.1%), covering the victim while swinging on the game (14.8%), ricocheting projectiles (13.6%), inadequate storage of the firearm (11.7%) and mistaking the victim for game (9.3%). In some cases more than one factor contributed to the accident. Defective firearm/ammunition, as the only non-human factor, was involved in only 1.6% of accidents. Some aspects of the prevention and the forensic investigation of hunting accidents are discussed.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1904Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyNatural Sciences in GeneralType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-0967Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: GeosciencesType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesWelfle, H. ; Misselwitz, R. ; Fabian, H. ; Damerau, W. ; Hoelzer, W. ; Gerlach, D. ; Kalnin, N.N. ; Venyaminov, S.Yu.
Amsterdam : ElsevierStaff ViewISSN: 0141-8130Keywords: Raman spectroscopy ; Streptokinase ; [abr] Gu.HCl ; [abr] N-(1-oxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-pyrrolidinyl)-bromoacetamide ; [abr] N-Ac-l-Trp-OET ; [abr] N-Ac-l-Tyr-OET ; [abr] N-acetyl-l-tryptophan-ethylester ; [abr] N-acetyl-l-tyrosine-ethylester ; [abr] SL-BrAA ; [abr] guanidine hydrochloride ; circular dichroism ; e.p.r. spectroscopy ; i.r. spectroscopy ; protein structureSource: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0141-8130Keywords: Streptokinase ; [abr] (^oC) ; [abr] C"p; partial specific heat capacity (J/K/g) ; [abr] T ; [abr] T"m"a"x ; [abr] T"t"r"s; transition temperature (^oC) ; [abr] peak maximum temperature (^oC) ; [abr] temperature ; [abr] ΔC"p; denaturational heat capacity change (J/K/g) ; [abr] ΔF; free energy change (J/residue) ; [abr] ΔH; molar denaturational enthalpy change (kJ/mol) ; [abr] ΔH^c^a^l; enthalpy change, calorimetric value (kJ/mol) ; [abr] ΔH^v^H; enthalpy change, van't Hoff heat (kJ/mol) ; calorimetry ; domain structureSource: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesMisselwitz, R. ; Kraft, R. ; Kostka, S. ; Fabian, H. ; Welfle, K. ; Pfeil, W. ; Welfle, H. ; Gerlach, D.
Amsterdam : ElsevierStaff ViewISSN: 0141-8130Keywords: Streptokinase ; c.d.- and i.r.-spectroscopy ; calorimetry ; limited proteolysis ; streptokinase fragmentsSource: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesGerlach, D. C. ; Hart, S. R. ; Morales, V. W. J. ; Palacios, C.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1986Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Generalized tectonic map of the South-East Pacific, showing the location of San Felix, San Ambrosio and Juan Fernandez islands (modified from rf. 42). Shaded areas represent depths less than 3,500m; 4,000m contours are also shown. Dashed lines represent extinct spreading ridges. San Felix ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesMamedov, T. N. ; Andrianov, D. G. ; Gerlach, D. ; Gritsai, K. I. ; Gorelkin, V. N. ; Cormann, O. ; Major, J. ; Stoikov, A. V. ; Shevchik, M. ; Zimmerman, U.
Springer
Published 2000Staff ViewISSN: 1090-6487Keywords: 76.75.+iSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: PhysicsNotes: Abstract Temperature-dependent remanent polarization of negative muons in a silicon crystal doped with phosphorus (3.2 × 1012, 2.3 × 1015, and 4.5 × 1018 cm−3) and aluminum (2 × 1014 and 2.4 × 1018 cm−3) was examined. Measurements were made over the temperature range 4–300 K in a magnetic field of 2000 G perpendicular to the muon spin. Temperature dependence of the relaxation rate was determined for the magnetic moment of a shallow Al acceptor center in a nondeformed silicon sample, and the hyperfine interaction constant was estimated for the interaction between the magnetic moments of muon and electron shell of the muonic mAl atom in silicon.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-0967Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: GeosciencesNotes: Abstract Lanai is the third smallest of the fifteen principal subaerial shield volcanoes of the Hawaiian hotspot. This volcano apparently became extinct during the shield-building stage of volcanism, as shown by the absence of both alkalic cap and post-erosional lavas. Major and trace element analyses of 22 new samples collected primarily from 3 stratigraphic sections show that Lanai tholeiites span a large range in composition. Some Lanai lavas are unique geochemically among Hawaiian tholeiites in having the lowest abundances of incompatible trace elements of any Hawaiian lavas and well-developed positive Eu anomalies. The geochemical characteristics of these low-abundance Lanai tholeiites are not the result of alteration, differences in mantle source modal mineralogy, the presence of residual accessory mantle phases or fractional crystallization of such phases, assimilation of depleted [MORB] wall-rock, or accumulation/resorption of phenocrysts or xenocrysts. Incompatible trace element ratios (e.g., Nb/La, Nb/Th, La/Th, La/Hf, Ce/Pb) in Lanai tholeiites span considerable ranges and form coherent trends with each other and with absolute abundances of these elements. Large variations in La/Sm, La/Yb, and absolute REE abundances at constant MgO suggest that Lanai tholeiites formed by variable amounts of partial melting. However, large ranges in incompatible element ratios cannot be explained solely by variations in partial melting of a geochemically homogeneous source, but must reflect geochemical heterogeneities in the Lanai source. Partial melting modeling indicates that the mixed Lanai source is probably LREE-enriched [i.e., (La/Yb)CN〉1]. One component in the Lanai source, exemplified by the low-abundance tholeiites, has markedly lower REE/HFSE, Th/HFSE, alkali/HFSE, and Ce/Pb ratios than other Lanai or Hawaiian tholeiites and may indicate the presence of recycled residual subduction zone materials in the Hawaiian plume source. The positive Eu anomalies that characterize the low-abundance Lanai tholeiites are not the result of plagioclase accumulation or assimilation but are a feature of this source component. Progressive temporal geochemical variations in Lanai tholeiites from 2 stratigraphic sections indicate that the source composition of these lavas probably evolved over time. This change could have resulted from a progressive decrease in the extent of partial melting of the Lanai source. The compositional variability of Lanai tholeiites suggests that geochemical heterogeneities in their source are larger than the scale of partial melting. Lanai tholeiites could not have formed by smaller degrees of partial melting of plume material than did the larger-volume Hawaiian shields. Therefore, volume differences between Hawaiian shields must be controlled primarily by differences in the volume of supplied plume material rather than by differences in the degree of partial melting. The premature cessation of eruptive activity at Lanai may be attributed to relatively large degrees of partial melting of a small plume.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: