Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:D. C. Wilson)
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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressL. Jostins ; S. Ripke ; R. K. Weersma ; R. H. Duerr ; D. P. McGovern ; K. Y. Hui ; J. C. Lee ; L. P. Schumm ; Y. Sharma ; C. A. Anderson ; J. Essers ; M. Mitrovic ; K. Ning ; I. Cleynen ; E. Theatre ; S. L. Spain ; S. Raychaudhuri ; P. Goyette ; Z. Wei ; C. Abraham ; J. P. Achkar ; T. Ahmad ; L. Amininejad ; A. N. Ananthakrishnan ; V. Andersen ; J. M. Andrews ; L. Baidoo ; T. Balschun ; P. A. Bampton ; A. Bitton ; G. Boucher ; S. Brand ; C. Buning ; A. Cohain ; S. Cichon ; M. D'Amato ; D. De Jong ; K. L. Devaney ; M. Dubinsky ; C. Edwards ; D. Ellinghaus ; L. R. Ferguson ; D. Franchimont ; K. Fransen ; R. Gearry ; M. Georges ; C. Gieger ; J. Glas ; T. Haritunians ; A. Hart ; C. Hawkey ; M. Hedl ; X. Hu ; T. H. Karlsen ; L. Kupcinskas ; S. Kugathasan ; A. Latiano ; D. Laukens ; I. C. Lawrance ; C. W. Lees ; E. Louis ; G. Mahy ; J. Mansfield ; A. R. Morgan ; C. Mowat ; W. Newman ; O. Palmieri ; C. Y. Ponsioen ; U. Potocnik ; N. J. Prescott ; M. Regueiro ; J. I. Rotter ; R. K. Russell ; J. D. Sanderson ; M. Sans ; J. Satsangi ; S. Schreiber ; L. A. Simms ; J. Sventoraityte ; S. R. Targan ; K. D. Taylor ; M. Tremelling ; H. W. Verspaget ; M. De Vos ; C. Wijmenga ; D. C. Wilson ; J. Winkelmann ; R. J. Xavier ; S. Zeissig ; B. Zhang ; C. K. Zhang ; H. Zhao ; M. S. Silverberg ; V. Annese ; H. Hakonarson ; S. R. Brant ; G. Radford-Smith ; C. G. Mathew ; J. D. Rioux ; E. E. Schadt ; M. J. Daly ; A. Franke ; M. Parkes ; S. Vermeire ; J. C. Barrett ; J. H. Cho
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2012Staff ViewPublication Date: 2012-11-07Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Colitis, Ulcerative/genetics/immunology/microbiology/physiopathology ; Crohn Disease/genetics/immunology/microbiology/physiopathology ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics ; Genome, Human/genetics ; *Genome-Wide Association Study ; Haplotypes/genetics ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics/immunology ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/*genetics/immunology/*microbiology/physiopathology ; Mycobacterium/*immunology/pathogenicity ; Mycobacterium Infections/genetics/microbiology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology/pathogenicity ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Reproducibility of ResultsPublished by: -
2Articles: DFG German National LicensesGoldman, S. R. ; Caldwell, S. E. ; Wilke, M. D. ; Wilson, D. C. ; Barnes, Cris W. ; Hsing, W. W. ; Delamater, N. D. ; Schappert, G. T. ; Grove, J. W. ; Lindman, E. L. ; Wallace, J. M. ; Weaver, R. P.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 1999Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: The use of copper-doped beryllium ablators on National Ignition Facility [J. A. Paisner et al., Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)] targets, in place of plastic, can require the bonding together of hemispheres with a joint of differing composition. Indirect drive experiments have been conducted on the Nova laser [J. L. Emmet, W. F. Krupke, and J. B. Trenholme, Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 13, 1 (1983)], and the resulting shock structuring compared with code simulations. It is concluded that one of the available codes, the RAGE code [R. M. Baltrusaitis et al., Phys. Fluids 8, 2471 (1996)] provides useful insight into the effect of joints. This code is then employed to obtain a physical picture of the shock front nonuniformity in terms of a secondary rarefaction and an oblique shock interacting with the main shock that propagates in the absence of the joint. A simple analysis reinforces this picture.© 1999 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesGoldman, S. R. ; Barnes, Cris W. ; Caldwell, S. E. ; Wilson, D. C. ; Batha, S. H. ; Grove, J. W. ; Gittings, M. L. ; Hsing, W. W. ; Kares, R. J. ; Klare, K. A. ; Kyrala, G. A. ; Margevicius, R. W. ; Weaver, R. P. ; Wilke, M. D.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 2000Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: It is shown that regions of enhanced pressure have been produced in targets with indirect radiation drive in planar and cylindrically convergent geometry through the interaction between the flows caused by target inhomogeneities and the main target drive. Design calculations for National Ignition Facility (NIF) [J. A. Paisner et al., Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)] targets with beryllium ablators formed by bonded hemi-shells [D. C. Wilson et al., Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 43, 1667 (1998)] indicate that related behavior produces a seed perturbation in the ablator which can in some cases lead to the suppression of ignition. From simulation and analysis of the NIF problem in the planar geometry analog, a scaling for the perturbation, which should be useful for validation of the behavior with lower energy drive and smaller-scale geometries, is derived. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesBennett, G. R. ; Wallace, J. M. ; Murphy, T. J. ; Chrien, R. E. ; Delamater, N. D. ; Gobby, P. L. ; Hauer, A. A. ; Klare, K. A. ; Oertel, J. A. ; Watt, R. G. ; Wilson, D. C. ; Varnum, W. S.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 2000Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: A highly uniform thermal x-radiation field for indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion implosions may be obtained by irradiating a four-hole, tetrahedral geometry, spherical hohlraum with all 60 Omega laser beams. Implosion studies and calculations [J. M. Wallace et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3807 (1999)] indicate a drive uniformity comparable to that expected for the National Ignition Facility [J. A. Painser et al., Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)]. With 60 beams distributed over the cavity wall, tetrahedral hohlraums have a natural insensitivity to power balance and pointing errors. Standard, smooth Nova capsules imploded with this drive indicate that moderate convergence-ratio implosions, Cr∼18, have measured-neutron yield to calculated-clean-one-dimensional-neutronyield ratios similar to those previously investigated using the comparatively poor drive uniformity of Nova cylindrical hohlraums. This may indicate that a nonsymmetry-related neutron yield degradation mechanism, e.g., hydrodynamic mixing of cold, dense ablator material with the hot-spot region or some combination of nonsymmetry effects, is dominating in this Cr regime. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesComputational study of laser imprint mitigation in foam-buffered inertial confinement fusion targetsMason, R. J. ; Kopp, R. A. ; Vu, H. X. ; Wilson, D. C. ; Goldman, S. R. ; Watt, R. G.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 1998Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: Recent experiments have shown that low density foam layers can significantly mitigate the perturbing effects of beam nonuniformities affecting the acceleration of thin shells. This problem is studied parametrically with two-dimensional LASNEX [G. B. Zimmerman and W. L. Kruer, Comments Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 2, 51 (1975)]. Foam-buffered targets are employed, consisting typically of 250 Å of gold, and 50 μm of 50 mg/cm3 C10H8O4 foam attached to a 10 μm foil. In simulation these were characteristically exposed to 1.2 ns, flat-topped green light pulses at 1.4×1014 W/cm2 intensity, bearing 30 μm lateral perturbations of up to 60% variation in intensity. Without the buffer layers the foils were severely disrupted by 1 ns. With buffering only minimal distortion was manifest at 3 ns. The smoothing is shown to derive principally from the high thermal conductivity of the heated foam. The simulation results imply that (1) the foam thickness should exceed the disturbance wavelength; (2) intensities exceeding 5×1013 W/cm2 are needed for assured stability beyond 2 ns; (3) longer foams at lower densities are needed for effective mitigation with shorter wavelength light; (4) the gold layer hastens conversion of the structured foam to a uniform plasma. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesWatt, R. G. ; Wilson, D. C. ; Chrien, R. E. ; Hollis, R. V. ; Gobby, P. L. ; Mason, R. J. ; Kopp, R. A.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 1997Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: Creation of a low density, high temperature plasma buffer between the absorption and ablation layers of a directly driven inertial confinement fusion implosion capsule has been proposed as a means to reduce "early time" imprint from laser nonuniformities. This thermal smoothing blanket might be created from a low density foam layer wrapped around the deuterium–tritium filled microballoon. Preliminary spherical implosion tests of this concept using a polystyrene foam layer surrounding a glass microballoon were performed at the Nova laser [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 57, 2101 (1986)], using a 527 nm drive wavelength. Comparison of capsule yield and imploded core symmetry showed promising improvements in overall target performance, relative to one-dimensional undegraded hydrodynamic simulations, when the foam-buffer layer was present. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: This article describes 250, 280, and 350 eV drive temperature copper-doped Be [Be(Cu)] two-dimensional (2-D) capsule-hohlraum designs for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) [Paisner et al., Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)]. These capsule-hohlraum designs are a follow-on to the previous one-dimensional capsule designs of Bradley and Wilson [Phys. Plasmas 6, 4293 (1999)]. It is shown that a 2-D 350 eV capsule-hohlraum design scaled from the successful 330 eV design does not ignite, mostly due to poor symmetry. In addition, the 350 eV capsule hohlraum design requires the full 500 TW of the NIF design and 1.66 MJ of the maximum 1.8 MJ designed energy output. It is possible to design a capsule-hohlraum combination that achieves ignition and burn with peak radiation temperatures of 250, 280, and 330 eV. These designs use from 1.3 to 1.6 MJ of laser energy and the successful designs have yields of 16–20 MJ. Changes in symmetry and yield due to changing the focal point of the inner and outer laser cones were examined. The 280 eV capsule can tolerate pointing changes of 40–100 μm before the yield drops by 50%, while even a 40 μm pointing change for the 250 eV capsule causes the yield to drop by a factor of 2 to 100. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1089-7674Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsNotes: This article describes a suite of 250, 280, and 350 eV copper-doped Be [Be(Cu)] capsule designs for the National Ignition Facility [Paisner et al., Laser Focus World 30, 75 (1994)] and compare these to previous Be(Cu) and bromine-doped CH plastic [CH(Br)] capsule designs for 300 and 330 eV drives. These capsule designs are constrained to have the same deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel mass as the 300 and 330 eV designs so that differences in yield are due to differences in capsule compression before ignition. The one-dimensional (1-D) calculations show that the fuel ρr reaches a maximum value when about 20–30 μm of ablator material is left behind, and this amount of ablator material provides the best trade-off between maximizing the fuel ρr, the implosion velocity, and the calculated clean yield. The results of this paper add optimized 1-D capsule designs that operate at drive temperatures of 250, 280, and 350 eV and they complement the established 300 eV CH(Br) ablator and the 330 eV Be(Cu) ablator designs.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesMurphy, Thomas J. ; Barnes, Cris W. ; Berggren, R. R. ; Bradley, P. ; Caldwell, S. E. ; Chrien, R. E. ; Faulkner, J. R. ; Gobby, P. L. ; Hoffman, N. ; Jimerson, J. L. ; Klare, K. A. ; Lee, C. L. ; Mack, J. M. ; Morgan, G. L. ; Oertel, J. A. ; Swenson, F. J. ; Walsh, P. J. ; Walton, R. B. ; Watt, R. G. ; Wilke, M. D. ; Wilson, D. C. ; Young, C. S.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 2001Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7623Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsElectrical Engineering, Measurement and Control TechnologyNotes: The National Ignition Facility (NIF), currently under construction at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, will provide unprecedented opportunities for the use of nuclear diagnostics in inertial confinement fusion experiments. The completed facility will provide 2 MJ of laser energy for driving targets, compared to the approximately 40 kJ that was available on Nova and the approximately 30 kJ available on Omega. Ignited NIF targets are anticipated to produce up to 1019 DT neutrons. In addition to a basic set of nuclear diagnostics based on previous experience, these higher NIF yields are expected to allow innovative nuclear diagnostic techniques to be utilized, such as neutron imaging, recoil proton techniques, and gamma-ray-based reaction history measurements. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesWatt, R. G. ; Chrien, R. E. ; Klare, K. A. ; Murphy, T. J. ; Wilson, D. C.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 2001Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7623Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsElectrical Engineering, Measurement and Control TechnologyNotes: We are developing a sensitive neutron spectrometer for the National Ignition Facility laser at Livermore. The spectrometer will consist of a 1020 channel single-neutron-interaction time-of-flight detector array fielded 23 m from the neutron-producing target. It will use an existing detector array together with upgraded electronics for improved time resolution. Measurements of neutron yield, ion and electron temperatures, and density-radius product are all possible under certain conditions using one-, two-, or three-step reaction processes. The locations of the most important potential sources of scattered neutron backgrounds are determined as the first step in designing collimation to reduce these backgrounds. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesMorgan, G. L. ; Berggren, R. R. ; Bradley, P. A. ; Cverna, F. H. ; Faulkner, J. R. ; Gobby, P. L. ; Oertel, J. A. ; Swenson, F. J. ; Tegtmeier, J. A. ; Walton, R. B. ; Wilke, M. D. ; Wilson, D. C.
[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Published 2001Staff ViewISSN: 1089-7623Source: AIP Digital ArchiveTopics: PhysicsElectrical Engineering, Measurement and Control TechnologyNotes: Pinhole imaging of the neutron production in laser-driven inertial confinement fusion experiments can provide important information about the performance of various capsule designs. This requires the development of systems capable of spatial resolutions on the order of 5 μm or less for source strengths of 1015 and greater. We have initiated a program which will lead to the achievement of such a system to be employed at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) facility. Calculated neutron output distributions for various capsule designs will be presented to illustrate the information which can be gained from neutron imaging and to demonstrate the requirements for a useful system. We will describe the lines-of-sight available at NIF for neutron imaging and explain how these can be utilized to reach the required parameters for neutron imaging. We will describe initial development work to be carried out at the Omega facility and the path which will lead to systems to be implemented at NIF. Beginning this year, preliminary experiments will be aimed at achieving resolutions of 30–60 μm for direct-drive capsules with neutron outputs of about 1014. The main thrust of these experiments will be to understand issues related to the fabrication and alignment of small diameter pinhole systems as well as the problems associated with signal-to-background ratios at the image plane. Subsequent experiments at Omega will be described. These efforts will be aimed at achieving resolutions of about 10 μm. Proposed developments for new imaging systems as well as further refinement of pinhole techniques will be presented. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] THE properties of the gaseous type of optical maser make it a light source of great promise for use in interferometric measurements of length. The coherence in time and the extremely narrow band-width of the radiation enable interference effects to be observed over paths many times greater than ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Endemic fluorosis has been described in many different parts of the world. Dental fluorosis is found with waters having a fluorine content of one part per million, and in the United States considerable thought has been given to the elimination of ‘mottled enamel’ by improving water ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1238Keywords: Very low birthweight infant ; Nutrition ; Respiratory muscles ; Mechanical ventilation ; Bronchopulmonary dysplasiaSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract Advances in neonatal intensive care have resulted in increasing survival of very small babies, who often require prolonged periods of mechanical ventilation. These babies have limited nutritional reserves, and are difficult to feed by either parenteral or enteral routes. This review article discusses the interaction between undernutrition and respiratory muscle function in the critically ill preterm baby.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1076Keywords: Neuronal degeneration ; Hepatic cirrhosis ; EEG ; Inborn error of metabolism ; Alpers syndromeSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract Four children, from two families, suffered from fatal degeneration of the cerebral grey matter. Their disease was characterised by intractable epilepsy, epilepsia partialis continua, progressive deterioration, and terminal hepatic dysfunction. EEG showed marked and distinctive slow wave abnormality, visual evoked responses were diminished, and cerebral atrophy was seen on CT scan. Pathological findings were of neuronal loss and hepatic cirrhosis. The combination of cerebral degeneration, hepatic disease and familial occurrence suggests an inborn error of metabolism with autosomal recessive inheritance. The features described are those of Alpers syndrome, especially the recently delineated subgroup with progressive neuronal degeneration and liver disease.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesCairns, P. A. ; Wilson, D. C. ; McClure, B. G. ; Halliday, H. L. ; McReid, M.
Springer
Published 1995Staff ViewISSN: 1432-1076Keywords: Central venous catheter ; Sepsis ; Very low birth weightSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract A retrospective study was carried out comparing 61 very low birth weight infants (VLBW) with percutaneous central venous catheters with 92 infants managed with peripheral cannulae. Eighteen infants developed one or more episodes of catheter-associated bacteraemia. In 70% of cases the infection was successfully treated with the line in situ. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine risk factors for bacteraemia. The duration of intravenous fluids and of intermittent positive pressure ventilation were both significant risks for infection (odds ratios and 95% confidence limits 4.4, 2.7–12.0 and 2.5, 1.0–6.1 respectively), but the presence of a silastic catheter was not an independent risk factor (odds ratio 0.6, 95% confidence limits 0.1–3.0).Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesCairns, P. A. ; Wilson, D. C. ; McClure, B. G. ; Halliday, H. L. ; McReid, M.
Springer
Published 1995Staff ViewISSN: 1432-1076Keywords: Key words Central venous catheter ; Sepsis ; Very low birth weightSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract A retrospective study was carried out comparing 61 very low birth weight infants (VLBW) with percutaneous central venous catheters with 92 infants managed with peripheral cannulae. Eighteen infants developed one or more episodes of catheter-associated bacteraemia. In 70% of cases the infection was successfully treated with the line in situ. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine risk factors for bacteraemia. The duration of intravenous fluids and of intermittent positive pressure ventilation were both significant risks for infection (odds ratios and 95% confidence limits 4.4, 2.7–12.0 and 2.5, 1.0–6.1 respectively), but the presence of a silastic catheter was not an independent risk factor (odds ratio 0.6, 95% confidence limits 0.1–3.0).Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: