Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:D. A. Hill)

2011-08-16

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Asthma/immunology ; Basophils/*cytology/metabolism ; Cytokines/genetics/immunology/*metabolism ; Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology ; Food Hypersensitivity/immunology ; *Hematopoiesis ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*immunology ; Inflammation/*immunology/*metabolism ; *Interleukin-3/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Phenotype ; Receptors, Cytokine/metabolism ; Receptors, Interleukin-3/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Th2 Cells/immunology

2018-05-16

The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

1078-0432

1557-3265

Medicine

2018-08-02

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

0890-9369

Biology

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

We compared the analgesic efficacy and safety of remifentanil and pethidine via patient controlled analgesia for women in established uncomplicated labour. Women received either remifentanil 40 μg with a 2-min lockout (n = 20) or pethidine 15 mg with a 10-min lockout (n = 19). Visual analogue scores for pain during the study and for overall pain were similar for both groups (mean (SD) 6.4 (1.5) cm for remifentanil and 6.9 (1.7) cm for pethidine). The area under the curve for visual analogue scores of satisfaction with analgesia was higher for remifentanil than for pethidine (p = 0.001). Maternal arterial oxygen saturation was similar in both groups. Neurologic and Adaptive Capacity Scores at 30 min were higher for remifentanil than for pethidine (median (interquartile range [range]) 36 (34.5–37 [32–39]) vs 34 (33–35 [30–35]), respectively; p = 0.003).

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Tracheal intubating conditions were assessed in 112 children after induction of anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 µg.kg−1. Subjects in a control group were given propofol and mivacurium 0.2 mg.kg−1. Haemodynamic and respiratory parameters were recorded. Plasma catecholamine levels were measured in a subgroup of 40 children. Intubating conditions were acceptable in 14/28 (50%), 18/26 (69%) and 22/27 (82%) in those subjects given remifentanil 1.0, 2.0 or 3.0 µg.kg−1, respectively, and in 27/28 (96%) of the control group. Intubating conditions in subjects given remifentanil 3.0 µg.kg−1 were better than in those given remifentanil 1.0 µg.kg−1 (p 〈 0.05). There were no significant differences in intubating conditions between those given remifentanil 3.0 µg.kg−1 and the control group. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate increased in response to tracheal intubation in subjects given remifentanil 1.0 µg.kg−1 and in the control group (p 〈 0.05). Time to resumption of spontaneous respiration was prolonged in subjects given remifentanil 3.0 µg.kg−1 (p 〈 0.001). In conclusion, remifentanil 2 µg.kg−1 provides acceptable intubating conditions and haemodynamic stability without prolonging the return of spontaneous respiration.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

We studied tracheal intubating conditions in 120 healthy children, aged 3–12 years, in a blinded, randomised clinical trial. Children were randomly allocated to one of three groups: group PS, propofol 3 mg.kg−1 and succinylcholine 1 mg.kg−1 (n = 40); group PA, propofol 3 mg.kg−1 and alfentanil 10 µg.kg−1 (n = 40); group SF, sevoflurane 8% in 60% nitrous oxide in oxygen for 3 min (n = 40). Tracheal intubating conditions were graded according to ease of laryngoscopy, position of vocal cords, coughing, jaw relaxation and movement of limbs. Overall intubating conditions were acceptable in 39 of 40 children in the propofol/succinylcholine group, 21 of 40 children in the propofol/alfentanil group and 35 of 40 children in the sevoflurane group. Children receiving propofol and succinylcholine or sevoflurane had better intubating conditions overall than those given propofol and alfentanil (p 〈 0.01). In conclusion, anaesthetic induction and tracheal intubation using sevoflurane 8% for 3 min is a satisfactory alternative to propofol with succinylcholine in children.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Alkalinisation of local anaesthetic drugs is a controversial technique for improving regional blockade. Forty-two patients scheduled for upper limb surgery received axillary brachial plexus anaesthesia using a cannula technique. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either lignocaine 1.5% with 1 in 200 000 adrenaline (pH = 4.2) or lignocaine 1.5% with I in 200000 adrenaline (pH = 7.2). There was no significant difference in the incidence of satisfactory blockade or distribution of anaesthesia between the two groups. The percentage of patients with complete anaesthesia at 10, 20 and 30 min following injection was significantly increased in the alkalinised group with regard to the ulnar and median nerves, and the median cutaneous nerve of the arm (p 〈 0.05). In the alkalinised group, there was a significant reduction in the time to useful anaesthesia and a reduced requirement for adjuvants (p 〈 0.05). There was no effect on the duration of anaesthesia.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

We report the changes observed in a number of pulmonary function tests performed on 36 patients undergoing Caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. The tests comprised peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio and the maximal mid-expiratory flow. Significant changes occurred that are consistent with a restrictive ventilatory defect. These changes persisted for four hours after the induction of spinal anaesthesia. Administration of 35% oxygen by facemask failed to change significantly fetal umbilical vein pH or partial pressure of oxygen.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Combined spinal–epidural (CSE) for analgesia in labour is widely used as a method of providing pain relief while minimising motor blockade. Aiming to further reduce the associated motor weakness, we investigated the use of alfentanil alone as the initial intrathecal injection in a double-blind study. Thirty women were randomly allocated to receive either alfentanil 0.25 mg with bupivacaine 2.5 mg intrathecally, or alfentanil 0.25 mg in the same volume. Onset of analgesia did not differ significantly between groups but duration was significantly longer in those receiving alfentanil–bupivacaine (mean 55 min vs. 40 min; p 〈 0.05). Quality of analgesia was satisfactory for all women, although the cumulative analgesia scores were significantly lower in the women receiving the alfentanil–bupivacaine mixture (p = 0.003). More women in the alfentanil–bupivacaine group developed both a sensory level (15/15 vs. 6/15; p 〈 0.01) and sympathetic block (12/15 vs. 4/15; p 〈 0.01). Sixty per cent of women receiving the alfentanil–bupivacaine mixture demonstrated an impaired ability to straight leg raise compared with none of the women in the alfentanil–saline group (p 〈 0.01). The incidence of adverse effects in mother and fetus was similar in both groups. We conclude that intrathecal alfentanil 0.25 mg alone as part of a CSE technique provides rapid analgesia of satisfactory quality without detectable motor blockade.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Following induction of epidural analgesia with 0.375% bupivacaine, 120 healthy parturients were randomly assigned in a double blind fashion to one of eight infusion groups. All received 8ml.h-1 of0.125% bupivacaine either alone (control group), or with alfentanil at 133, 266 or 400μg.h-1 (groups A1-A3) or with diamorphine at 133, 266, 400 or 533μg.h1 (groups D1-D4). Significantly longer top-up intervals were achieved with the two highest doses of both alfentanil and diamorphine when compared with bupivacaine alone (p〈0.01), making the minimum effective doses 266 μg.h-1 of alfentanil and 400 ng.h-1 of diamorphine. Perineal analgesia was better in all the opioid groups compared with the control group (p 〈 0.05). The intensity of motor block was greater in the control group (p 〈 0.05). The incidence of pruritus did not differ between groups. The highest dose of diamorphine caused significantly more nausea. No significant neonatal side-effects were demonstrated.

Electronic Resource

1365-2044

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

A new technique of cannulation of the axillary neurovascular sheath, using loss of resistance to saline, was evaluated and compared to the established technique of eliciting paraesthesiae with a short-bevelled needle. The cannulation technique produced a more reliable block of axillary, musculocutaneous and radial nerves, significantly fewer incomplete blocks and a lower incidence of accidental vessel puncture.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The recognition of recurrent genetic alterations in specific tumour types has provided the basis for the reclassification of certain soft tissue neoplasms, and molecular analysis of patient material has the potential to provide both diagnostic and prognostic information. In this review, we evaluate the role of molecular genetic testing as the prospective ‘gold standard’ for sarcoma diagnosis. Molecular genetic testing, as with every new method, promises to improve accuracy and to be more sensitive and less subjective, claims that have been made previously by histochemistry, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Technical limitations in molecular assays, as well as more general specificity issues, decrease the clinical usefulness of molecular pathological testing significantly and suggest that, at present, molecular evaluation is best considered an ancillary technique that neither supersedes other ancillary techniques nor eclipses traditional pathological examination.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] Silicon shows photo- and electroluminescence at visible wavelengths when chemically etched into a microporous network of ‘wires’ several nanometres thick. This raises the possibility of a silicon-based optoelectronic technology. The luminescence properties may be understood on the ...

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] We have used an image intensifier system, triggered by amplified pulses from a 5-in. photomultiplier, in an attempt to photograph the showers. The system consists of a Schmidt mirror 30 cm. in diameter, and nominal aperture of f0.5, but with usable area only 300 cm.2. It has an acceptance cone of ...

Electronic Resource

1434-6052

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Physics

Abstract The spin asymmetryA N for inclusive π0 production by 200-GeV transversely-polarized protons on a liquid hydrogen target has been measured at Fermilab over a wide range ofx F, with 0.5〈p T〈2 GeV/c. Atx F〉0.3, the asymmetry rises with increasingx F and reaches a value ofA N=0.15±0.03 in the region 0.6〈x F〈0.8. This result provides new input regarding the question of the internal spin structure of transversely-polarized protons.

Electronic Resource

1432-0630

41.10.Hv ; 84.40Mk

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Physics

Abstract A thin prolate spheroidal void in an infinite conducting circular cylinder is used to model a broken strand in a wire rope. The rope is excited by an azimuthal magnetic line current which is a model for a thin toroidal coil. The anomalous external fields are computed from the induced electric and magnetic dipole moments of the void. The results have applications to nondestructive testing of wire ropes.

Electronic Resource

1432-0630

84

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Physics

Abstract The electromagnetic fields of an electric dipole located inside a cylindrical cavity or empty tunnel are formulated. The results are used to deduce an expression for the change of self-impedance due to the presence of the cavity or tunnel walls. A numerical evaluation of the resultant convergent integral and a summation of the angular harmonic series were performed. An important finding is that the input resistance of the dipole is approximately a constant for frequencies less than about 25 MHz for a typical tunnel radius of 2 m. Such results are shown to be in qualitative agreement with an earlier analysis of an electric dipole over a dissipative half-space.

Electronic Resource

1432-0630

41.10 Hv ; 84.40 Mk

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Physics

Abstract A thin prolate spheroidal void in an infinite conducting circular cylinder is used to model an internal flaw in a wire rope. The rope is excited by an electric ring current which is a model for a thin solenoid or multi-turn wire loop. The anomalous external fields are computed from the induced electric and magnetic dipole moments of the void. For this type of excitation, the induced axial magnetic dipole moment is the dominant contributor to the scattered field. The results have application to nondestructive testing of wire ropes.

Electronic Resource