Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:C. Ramakrishnan)

2018-07-27

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Molecular Biology, Neuroscience, Online Only

2016-01-02

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Anhedonia/*physiology ; Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Corpus Striatum/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Depressive Disorder/physiopathology ; Dopamine/pharmacology ; Dopaminergic Neurons/drug effects/*physiology ; Female ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mesencephalon/cytology/drug effects/physiology ; *Motivation ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Oxygen/blood ; Prefrontal Cortex/cytology/drug effects/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred LEC ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; *Reward ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology

2013-04-12

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Brain/*anatomy & histology ; Cross-Linking Reagents/chemistry ; Formaldehyde/chemistry ; Humans ; Hydrogel/chemistry ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/*methods ; In Situ Hybridization/methods ; Lipids/isolation & purification ; Mice ; Molecular Imaging/*methods ; Permeability ; Phenotype ; Scattering, Radiation

2014-04-26

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Action Potentials ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal/cytology ; CA3 Region, Hippocampal/cytology ; Chloride Channels/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Chlorides/*metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Light ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Neurons/*physiology ; Optogenetics ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Protein Engineering ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Rhodopsin/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism

2015-10-06

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2011-03-11

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Amygdala/cytology/*physiology/radiation effects ; Animals ; Anxiety/*physiopathology ; Anxiety Disorders/physiopathology ; Halorhodopsins/metabolism ; Light ; Mice ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Pathways/physiology/radiation effects ; Neurons/physiology/radiation effects ; Stress, Physiological/physiology ; Synapses/physiology/radiation effects

2016-03-24

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Choice Behavior ; *Decision Making ; Humans ; Individuality ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Models, Neurological ; Models, Psychological ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Nucleus Accumbens/*cytology/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Receptors, Dopamine D2/*metabolism ; Reward ; *Risk Management ; Signal Transduction ; Uncertainty

2011-07-29

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Autistic Disorder/physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; HEK293 Cells ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Humans ; Learning ; Mental Disorders/physiopathology ; Mice ; *Models, Neurological ; Motor Activity ; Neural Inhibition/*physiology ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Opsins/metabolism ; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology/*physiopathology ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology ; *Social Behavior

2012-01-24

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Bacteriorhodopsins/chemistry ; Binding Sites ; Cations/*metabolism ; Cattle ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/*chemistry/genetics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Ion Channel Gating/*radiation effects ; Ion Channels/*chemistry/genetics/radiation effects ; *Light ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Protein Conformation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry/genetics/radiation effects ; Retinaldehyde/metabolism ; Rhodopsin/*chemistry/genetics/radiation effects ; Schiff Bases/chemistry ; Static Electricity

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: Maternal alcohol consumption at a level that does not affect calorie intake increases cholesterol concentration and content as well as incorporation of labeled glucose into cholesterol in the brain and spinal cord of newborn rat pups. Continued consumption of alcohol during lactation also affects the galactolipid concentration in the brain and spinal cord of pups at 21 days of age, and this increase seems mainly to be due to an increase in content of myelin lipids. Analysis of myelin shows that the concentration of phospholipids also increases in this fraction. The increase in incorporation of labeled glucose into these membrane lipids suggests an increase in the synthesis of these lipids, which prevents fluidization of the membrane by alcohol. That in the brainstem the increase in levels of cholesterol and galactolipids is higher than in other regions and that there is also an increase in content of sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine suggest that the brainstem needs better protection against fluidization.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Polyphosphoinositides in rat brain exist in two forms: the metabolically active form that is readily attacked by the polyphosphoinositide phosphohydrolases, and the inert form that is attacked by the enzymes at a slower rate. The two pools continue to increase even during the postweaning period, suggesting a role in glial as well as myelin development apart from their role in neurons.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: Neonatal undernutrition affects the content and lipid concentrations of gray and white matter. Nutritional rehabilitation reverses the deficit observed in gray matter. In the case of white matter the lipid concentration but not the content comes back to normal.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Groups of albino rats were fed low and high protein diets and the former group was fed with different supplements. The supplements used were niacin, pyridoxine and glutamic acid. A low protein diet was found to decrease the activities of l-glutamate-NAD-oxidoreductase and l-glutamate-1-carboxy-lyase in the cerebrum; this confirmed the results of previous work in this laboratory. Addition of glutamic acid to a low protein diet was found to reverse the effects of a low protein diet to some extent.Groups of animals were fed kodri (Paspalum scorbiculatum), a millet deficient in lysine, with or without lysine itself or foodstuffs rich in it, e.g. moth bean (Phaseolus aconitifolius Jacq.), peas (Pisum sativuni) and skim milk powder. When combined, the groups fed on the lysine or lysine-source supplemented diets were found to perform better in a water maze on the basis of the relative ease with which they could reverse a previous learned pattern. They also had higher activities of l-glutamate-NAD-oxidoreductase and l-glutamate-1-carboxy-lyase than groups with no lysine or lysine source added. There was no significant difference between the groups receiving the different lysine supplements.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— Studies were made on the effects of undernutrition at different ages during the neonatal period and of the comparative effects of postweaning protein and calorie deficiencies in neonatally undernourished or normally reared animals. Neonatal undernutrition resulted in deficits in body wt, brain wt and the activities of brain glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate decarboxylase. Percentage deficits in brain wt were maximum in the first week of life but those in brain enzymes were greater in the second week. Rehabilitation of neonatally undernourished animals reversed the deficits in brain wt and brain enzymes. Post-weaning protein deficiency produced similar deficits in brain enzymes in both neonatally undernourished and normally reared animals. With post-weaning undernutrition, however, these deficits were found only in animals subjected to neonatal undernutrition as well.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— Studies were made of the effects of undernutrition during the neonatal period and also protein deficiency and undernutrition during the post-weaning period on brain acetylcholine. Rats undernourished from birth to 4 weeks so as to result in a body wt deficit of 43 per cent had an associated deficit in brain wt of 14 per cent, but the concentration of acetylcholine in the brain was not affected. In the case of post-weaning undernutrition, acetylcholine concn was found to be affected in protein deficiency as well as in severe calorie restriction.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract— Studies were carried out to identify the minimum levels of protein (casein) needed in the diet in order to prevent or reverse the deficits in brain enzymes previously found with protein deficiency. Groups of weanling albino rats were fed diets containing variable amounts of protein (5, 8, 10, 15 or 20 per cent in experiment I, and 5, 6, 7, 8 or 20 per cent in experiment II) for 5 or 10 weeks. Deficits in brain wt and brain glutamate dehydrogenase and decarboxylase were found to be prevented by a diet containing 8 per cent or more of protein, although for optimum growth 15 per cent protein in the diet was found to be necessary. Groups of rats were fed a 5 or 20% protein diet for 10 weeks after which the 5% protein animals were either continued on the diet for another 10 weeks or changed to one containing 8, 10, 15 or 20% protein. The brain enzyme deficits found with the 5% protein diet were found to be fully reversed by feeding a 10% protein diet during rehabilitation.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource