Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:C. Neri)

2011-09-23

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Aging/genetics/physiology ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Caloric Restriction ; Crosses, Genetic ; Drosophila Proteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Histone Deacetylases/*genetics/metabolism ; Longevity/genetics/*physiology ; Male ; RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics ; Sirtuins/*genetics/metabolism

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: Endogenous morphine has been clearly demonstrated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the brain, spinal fluid, adrenal glands, and liver of mammals. To clarify the role of endogenous morphine, its release from rat brain slices was studied in vitro in the presence of high potassium concentrations, with and without calcium in the medium. The perfusate was hydrolyzed, solid phase-extracted, and then analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Depolarization due to high potassium concentrations increased the release of the alkaloid manyfold with respect to the basal value, and the release was dependent on the presence of calcium in the medium. These results suggest that endogenous morphine might act as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the rat CNS.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The endogenous synthesis of morphine has been clearly demonstrated throughout the phylogenesis of the nervous system of mammals and lower animals. Endogenous morphine, serving as either a neurotransmitter or neurohormone, has been demonstrated in the nervous system of both verteb-rates and invertebrates. As one of the effects of exogenous morphine is the modulation of pain perception, we investigated the effects that the depletion of endogenous morphine had on nociceptive transmission. The immunoneutralization of endogenous morphine from brain extracellular spaces was obtained through the intracerebroventricular administration of affinity purified anti-morphine IgG to mice, which then underwent the hot plate test. Endogenous morphine immunoneutralization decreased thermal response latency and attenuated the anti-nociceptive effect of the mu selective agonist DAMGO in hot plate test suggesting that endogenous morphine is involved in pain modulation.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs quantum well and superlattice structures have been grown at 600 °C by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs (001) substrates exactly oriented or slightly misoriented towards (111) Ga and (111) As. It is shown that for the growth conditions used, the step orientation (nature) has a striking influence on the photoluminescence (PL) features of the grown structures: steps along [1¯10] (Ga-type steps) lead to sharp PL lines (pseudosmooth interfaces), while a considerable broadening of the PL (rough interfaces) is obtained when the steps are along [110] (As-type steps).

Electronic Resource

0165-0327

Major depressive episode - Naturalistic prospective study - Relapses

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Medicine

Psychology

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0020-1693

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

0022-0248

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Physics

Electronic Resource

1433-9285

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary In three general medical settings (general practice, hospital medical wards and emergency rooms) about 20% of the adult attenders had a DSM-III mental disorder, mainly in the area of affective and anxious disorders. Some of these disorders were quite severe. Of those cases reassessed 1 year and 2 years after the first interview, less than a quarter reached a “no-diagnosis status”. The chronicity of most cases dependent on the interplay not only of either relapse or duration of the main disorder but also of comorbidity and incidence of new disorders. A high incidence of more transient disorders in subjects who were well at first assessment was also found.

Electronic Resource

0392-6737

Impurity and defect levels ; Photoluminescence

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Physics

Summary The temperature dependence of the emission intensity due to conduction band-to-neutral acceptor recombination (e-A0) is investigated in a GaAs/Ga0.7Al0.3As single quantum well. It is shown that the thermal quenching of the (e-A0) emission peak is not monotonous with temperature. The increase of the (e-A0) emission intensity up to about 30 K is interpreted as a consequence of the ionization of shallow donors, while the decrease in emission intensity at higher temperature is due to ionization of neutral acceptors.

Electronic Resource

1573-7217

antiestrogen ; endocrine therapy ; estrogen-dependent growth inhibition ; estrogen receptortargeted effect ; GnRH analog ; resistance to antiestrogen

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Antiestrogens, such as tamoxifen, have a direct antitumor action and are widely used in cancer therapy. The direct antitumor action of GnRH analogs has been documented in bothin vitro and clinical studies. GnRH analog direct action could therefore provide an alternative approach in postmenopausal patients developing antiestrogen resistance, a frequent cause of relapse during hormonal treatment of breast cancer. This study was carried out to compare the effects of two GnRH analogs (the agonist Decapeptyl and the antagonist BIM 21009C) and the antiestrogen 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (OH-TAM) on proliferation in antiestrogen-responsive or antiestrogen-resistant human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MCF-7 LY2). Ineffective when used without estrogen stimulation, both of the GnRH analogs and OH-TAM inhibit the 17β-estradiol-stimulated growth of the estrogen-responsive cell line MCF-7. Compared with parental MCF-7 cell line responsiveness, the antiestrogen-resistant variant MCF-7 LY2 appears to be resistant to GnRH analogs. These findings indicate similarities between the two types of compounds with regard to their antiestrogenic effects on growth observedin vitro. However, since unlike OH-TAM, Decapeptyl displays no effect on steroid receptor levels of sensitive MCF-7 cells, the intracellular inhibitory mechanisms of these drugs are probably in part different. This study suggests that the direct effect of the studied GnRH analogs would not be a potent tool for treating antiestrogen-resistant breast tumors.

Electronic Resource

0003-3146

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

The mechanism of the solid state oxidation of isotactic polypropylene films and the the mechanism of inhibition by HALS have been investigated by kinetic-ESR and kinetic modelling with derivation of the rate constants for the sensitive steps in the reaction scheme. The results have shown the inadequacy of the Denisov cycle to account for the observed experimental kinetics of the intermediate nitroxyl radicals. The molecular dynamics associated with the oxidation inhibited by HALS in the polypropylene matrix has been investigated by applying the Liouville stochastic method to the analysis of the temperature effects of the ESR spectra of the intermediate nitroxyl radicals used as spin probes. The investigation on the nature and characteristics of the molecular motions available at the oxidation sites has also been carried out with nitroxyl spin labels bound to the PP chains. For this application a novel method of spin labelling was developed based on reactions with some of the oxidation products, namely the terminal and intrachain ketones (keana method), alcohols, peroxides and macroalkyl radicals.

9 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0003-3146

Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

The photo and thermal reactivity of nitroxyl radicals derived from di-, (oligo)meric hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) on iso-octane, a model compound for polyprophylene, was studied and compared to that of monomeric 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- piperi-dine-N-oxyl (TEMPO).The exchange-interaction among 〉N—O. groups seems to affect only the thermal process.

3 Ill.

Electronic Resource

0749-1581

2D NMR ; Spiroindolinonaphthoxazines ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy

Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

1H and 13C studies of a series of 19 photochromic spiroindolinonaphthoxazines were carried out by two-dimensional NMR methods. The assignments of the 1H resonances were made by 2D homonuclear shift correlation (COSY) and the 2D nuclear Overhauser effect (NOESY). Complete 13C chemical shift assignments were carried out by using DEPT and two-dimensional heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy.

2 Tab.

Electronic Resource