Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:C. Czerkinsky)

2011-08-26

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Cholera/*epidemiology/microbiology/*transmission ; Genome, Bacterial/genetics ; Haiti/epidemiology ; Humans ; Likelihood Functions ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Pandemics/*statistics & numerical data ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Vibrio cholerae/classification/*genetics/*isolation & purification ; Zimbabwe/epidemiology

1365-3083

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The effect of intragastric administration of antigen on the development of a mucosal cell-mediated immune response has been examined in a mouse model. Feeding mice with picryl sulfonic acid (PSA) abrogated development of buccal delayed-type contact hypersensitivity (CS) responses upon buccal challenge with picryl chloride (PCl) in animals that had previously been sensitized in the oral mucosa. In contrast, such feeding had no effect on buccal CS reactivity in animals similarly challenged but sensitized at skin sites. Conversely, gastric administration of PSA suppressed PCl-induced skin CS reactivity in skin-sensitized animals but had no effect on skin CS reactivity in buccally sensitized mice. Enterically induced suppression of buccal mucosa CS reactivity was associated with marked reductions in the numbers of infiltrating CD11b+ macrophages and CD4+ cells, and a virtual disappearence of CD8+ cells in buccal tissue specimens examined 24 h after local challenge. Thus, depending on the initial site of immune sensitization, oral antigens may also suppress mucosal T cell reactivity.

Electronic Resource

1365-3083

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Granulomatous inflammation in schistosomiasis is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by CD4+ T cells specific for parasite egg antigens (Ags). In an attempt to control T-cell responses leading to excessive harmful inflammation and granuloma formation, especially in the liver, BALB/c mice were intranasally (i.n.) treated with soluble Schistosoma mansoni egg Ags (SEA) conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), a mucosa-binding protein with demonstrated capacity to suppress inflammatory T-cell functions after mucosal administration. Treatment with CTB–SEA significantly conjugate a reduced liver granuloma formation in infected mice associated with decreased SEA specific Th1- and Th2-type immune responses by liver leukocytes. Importantly, treatment with CTB–SEA conjugate also significantly reduced the mortality in chronically infected mice. In S. mansoni-infected large-granuloma forming CBA mice, i.n. treatment with purified Sm-p40, the major egg antigen, conjugated to CTB likewise significantly inhibited hepatic egg granuloma formation. A reduction of SEA-driven lymphoproliferation and of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 production, together with an increase in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 production, were observed in splenic cells from CTB-Sm-p40-treated SEA-sensitized mice, as well as in liver leukocytes from CTB-Sm-p40-treated schistosome-infected mice. These results indicate that mucosal administration of SEA or purified Sm-p40 antigen in conjunction with CTB is highly effective in curtailing immunopathologic manifestations of schistosomiasis in vivo in infected hosts.

Electronic Resource

1399-3038

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1365-3083

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Culture and assay procedures are described for the generation and the subsequent detection of single antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells after in vitro stimulation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with tetanus toxoid. Simple, specific and sensitive, this new assay-culture system is well suited for the analysis of specific antibody production in man.

Electronic Resource