Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Brüning)

Brüning, Ludger; Saum, Tobias

Unknown

180 S.

9783879643127

Erfolgreich unterrichten durch Kooperatives Lernen

German

Brüning, Ludger; Saum, Tobias

Unknown

180 S.

4., überarb. Auflage

9783879643066

Erfolgreich unterrichten durch Kooperatives Lernen 1

German

book

1994

Bildungschance ; Berufliche Qualifikation ; Ausbildungssituation ; Nachschlagewerk ; Quantitative Angaben ; Ausländer ; Ausländerin

German

2018-10-25

All important calender systems are based upon either the solar year or the lunar year. In the first part of this paper, conformities and differences are regarded. Dating problems or questions of chronological concordance usually are solved even today by using voluminous editions in tabulated form being not free of calculating ard piinting errors which accumulate with using and reading errors. As well error-probability as access-time can be reduced by using a pocket-book large micro-computer. In this article an user-oriented computer program is described beeing capable of any mutual transfer of any date of Julian or gregorian calender, the muslim higra calender, the iraniar- sun-hig'ra calender, the byzantine world aera or the enumeration of 'juliani dies' or 'dies christiani'. Weekly days and medival 'indictiones' are calculated as well as the distance of any two dates of equal or different calender systems. The program is capable to add or subtract to any date any number of days and transform the solution-date to any other calender system. Finally, every moving festive day being dependent of Easter or Advent is automatically calculated and transfered to any calender system.

Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ; Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ; Erhebungstechniken und Analysetechniken der Sozialwissenschaften ; Methods and Techniques of Data Collection and Data Analysis, Statistical Methods, Computer Methods ; electronic data processing ; historical social research ; time ; software ; microcomputer ; Zeit ; historische Sozialforschung ; EDV ; Mikrocomputer ; Software ; development of methods ; Methodenentwicklung

journal article, Zeitschriftenartikel

2022-10-18

Eine repräsentative Befragung in Norderstedt zeigt ein großes Interesse an sehr kleinen Wohnungen. 12 % der Befragten würden dort gerne sofort einziehen, 32 % sind aktuell an derartigen Angeboten interessiert, für 54 % kann das Thema in Zukunft interessant werden. Eine Definition von Kleinstwohnungen wurde nicht vorgegeben, sondern über zwei Fragen gesucht: 23 % der Befragten wollen oder können nicht mehr als 525 € monatlich für Wohnen ausgeben. Bei einer Warmmiete von 15 €/m² für neue Wohnungen würden sich 13 % für maximal 35 m² Wohnfläche entscheiden. Ein solches Angebot ist in Norderstedt derzeit nicht zu finden. Das erhebliche Interesse an solchen Wohnangeboten ergibt sich aber keineswegs nur aus finanziellen Nöten. Noch stärker ist die Motivation, Nachhaltigkeit auch bei der eigenen Wohnung praktizieren zu können. Dazu passt der starke Wunsch, ohne eigenes Auto leben zu können.

Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung ; Landscaping and area planning ; Kleinstwohnung; bezahlbarer Wohnraum; Wohnstandortwahl; Suffizienz ; Raumplanung und Regionalforschung ; Area Development Planning, Regional Research ; Online-Befragung ; postalische Befragung ; Einstellungsforschung ; Mobilität ; Wohnung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Wohnform ; deskriptive Statistik ; demographische Faktoren ; Zukunftsfähigkeit ; Schleswig-Holstein ; Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; online survey ; mail survey ; attitude research ; mobility ; apartment ; sustainability ; sustainable development ; type of housing ; descriptive statistics ; demographic factors ; future viability ; Federal Republic of Germany ; 20700

Zeitschriftenartikel, journal article

2023-01-16

In der russischen Politik stellen rechte Strömungen seit langem eine relevante Größe dar. Neben den »Liberaldemokraten« Shirinowskijs, den kruden Theorien Alexander Dugins und den Neonazis in vielen russischen Städten spielt eine rechte Bewegung eine Rolle, die sich phasenweise auch als Partei etablieren konnte. Diese Bewegung formierte sich zunächst im »Kongress der russischen Gemeinden« und suchte sich dann mit den Projekten »Heimat« und »Großrussland« im politischen System zu etablieren. Die Vorstellungswelt dieser Bewegung war von der Idee bestimmt, dass man Russland wesensfremde Einflüsse wie westliche Demokratieformen zurückdrängen und durch russische Elemente ersetzen müsse. Trotz des zweifellos großen Einflusses, den sowohl die extreme wie die systemkonforme Rechte in Russland mittlerweile besitzt, kann man nicht davon ausgehen, dass die offizielle Ideologie bzw. das offizielle Identitätsangebot von den Konzepten der Rechten bestimmt wird. Vielmehr zeigen sich große Unterschiede zwischen der Rechten und dem offi ziellen Russland im Hinblick auf die Frage nach einer eigenständigen Zivilisation, der Zugehörigkeit zu Europa, dem Verhältnis von Russen zu Russländern und der Wiederherstellung des Imperiums.

Politikwissenschaft ; Political science ; Politische Kultur; Fremdenfeindlichkeit und Rechtsextremismus; Russland ; Political Science

Zeitschriftenartikel, journal article

2021-09-24

During the population representative German Environmental Survey of Children and Adolescents (GerES V, 2014-2017) 2256 first-morning void urine samples from 3 to 17 years old children and adolescents were analysed for 21 metabolites of 11 different phthalates (di-methyl phthalate (DMP), di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP), di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di-cyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP), di-n-pentyl phthalate (DnPeP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DiNP), di-iso-decyl phthalate (DiDP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP)). Metabolites of DMP, DEP, BBzP, DiBP, DnBP, DEHP, DiNP and DiDP were found in 97%-100% of the participants, DCHP and DnPeP in 6%, and DnOP in none of the urine samples. Geometric means (GM) were highest for metabolites of DiBP (MiBP: 26.1 μg/L), DEP (MEP: 25.8 μg/L), DnBP (MnBP: 20.9 μg/L), and DEHP (cx-MEPP: 11.9 μg/L). For all phthalates but DEP, GMs were consistently higher in the 3–5 years old children than in the 14-17 years old adolescents. For DEHP, the age differences were most pronounced. All detectable phthalate biomarker concentrations were positively associated with the levels of the respective phthalate in house dust. In GerES V we found considerably lower phthalate biomarker levels than in the preceding GerES IV (2003–2006). GMs of biomarker levels in GerES V were only 18% (BBzP), 23% (MnBP), 23% (DEHP), 29% (MiBP) and 57% (DiNP) of those measured a decade earlier in GerES IV. However, some children and adolescents still exceeded health-based guidance values in the current GerES V. 0.38% of the participants had levels of DnBP, 0.08% levels of DEHP and 0.007% levels of DiNP which were higher than the respective health-based guidance values. Accordingly, for these persons an impact on health cannot be excluded with sufficient certainty. The ongoing and substantial exposure of vulnerable children and adolescents to many phthalates confirms the need of a continued monitoring of established phthalates, whether regulated or not, as well as of potential substitutes. With this biomonitoring approach we provide a picture of current individual and cumulative exposure developments and body burdens to phthalates, thus providing support for timely and effective chemicals policies and legislation.

Sociology & anthropology ; Ecology ; Ökologie ; Soziologie, Anthropologie ; Phthalates; human biomonitoring; GerES; plasticisers; exposure ; Ökologie und Umwelt ; Medizinsoziologie ; Ecology, Environment ; Medical Sociology ; health consequences ; microcensus ; child ; adolescent ; environmental factors ; environmental impact ; Jugendlicher ; Kind ; Umweltfaktoren ; Mikrozensus ; gesundheitliche Folgen ; Umweltbelastung

journal article, Zeitschriftenartikel

2021-03-02

Multiple crises in the EU have sparked a renaissance of the concept of solidarity. However, discursive approaches to solidarity and the public understanding of solidarity have hardly received scholarly attention. Empirical research on solidarity is rather centered on welfare institutions as well as on individual attitudes and behavior. To shed new light on solidarity in public discourse, we investigate in which policy fields the term is most often used, which actors refer to it and how different types of solidarity are covered in the German public discourse. We investigate the coverage of solidarity in four German newspapers (Die Welt, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Süddeutsche Zeitung, Die Tageszeitung) from 2008 to 2017. By deploying the discourse network methodology with 306 claims in 230 news articles, we analyze the co-occurrence of actors and issues over time. Our results indicate a varying set of issues in which solidarity occurs, a rather stable actor visibility, across time and a context-dependent use of different types of solidarity. Government actors, civil society actors as well as citizens drive the solidarity discourse showing that institutional as well as non-institutional actors make use of solidarity in their public actions regarding political protest, financial issues and migration. The study provides novel insights into the interdependence of actor and issue visibility and sheds new light on solidarity in media discourses.

Publizistische Medien, Journalismus,Verlagswesen ; Politikwissenschaft ; News media, journalism, publishing ; Political science ; public discourses; public sphere ; Medieninhalte, Aussagenforschung ; politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur ; Media Contents, Content Analysis ; Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture ; Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; Zeitung ; Diskursanalyse ; Netzwerkanalyse ; Solidarität ; Berichterstattung ; Federal Republic of Germany ; newspaper ; discourse analysis ; network analysis ; solidarity ; reporting

Zeitschriftenartikel, journal article

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

At the early stage of mechanical alloying of α-Fe and ε-Co lamellar layers of the initial phases are formed. As the thickness of the layers decreases the interdiffusion of the elements starts and a disordered crystalline Fe-Co solid solution is formed. The progress of the solid state reaction has been monitored by Mössbauer spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and measurements of the saturation magnetization. The experimental data allow calculation of the change of fractions of material with different local compositions as the alloying proceeds. The main results are that Co diffuses into the α-Fe while Fe does not diffuse into the ε-Co. In spite of a much lower negative heat of mixing, the reaction proceeds in a similar way to the formation of amorphous NiZr during mechanical alloying.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract : Mutations in the Cu/Zn-superoxidedismutase (SOD-1) gene underlie some familial cases of amytotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disorder charactreized by loss of cortical, brainstem, and spinal motor nrurons. We present evidence that SOD-1 mutants alter the activity of molecular chaperones that aid in proper protein folding and targeting of abnormal proteins for degradation. In a cultured cell line (NOH 3T3), resistance to mutant SOD-1 toxicity correlated with increased overall chaperoning activity (measured by the ability of cytosolic extracts to prevent heat denaturation of catalase) as well as with up-regulation of individual chaperones/stress proteins. In transgenic mice expressing human SOD-1 with the G93A mutation, chaperoning activity was decreased in lumbar spinal cord but increased or unchanged in clinically unaffected tissues. Increasing the level of the stress-inducible chaperone 70-kDa heat shock protein by gene transfer reduced formation of mutant SOD-containing proteinaceous aggregates in cultured primary motor neurons expressing G93A SOG-1 and prolonged their survival. We propose that insufficiency of molecular chaperones may be directly involved in loss of motor neurons in this disease.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Vitreous selenium is used extensively for light detection. Its photoconducting properties are altered by structural relaxation near room temperature. X-ray diffraction, densiometry, and calorimetry are used to determine the change of the glass state during relaxation. Annealing for 24 h at 300 K increases the density by 0.14% and lowers the enthalpy by 105 J/mol. The structure factor of cast samples was measured before and after annealing, and reverse Monte Carlo models of the structure of selenium glass were generated to match the data for the quenched and annealed states. Atoms in amorphous selenium are arranged in randomly oriented chains. In the model clusters annealing effects are found by analyzing inter- and intrachain distances, bond angle distributions, and dihedral angle distributions. The average bond length remains unchanged upon annealing, while the distribution of bond lengths becomes narrower by 1.2%. Distances between atoms in adjacent chains decrease by about 0.03%, i.e., the selenium chains move closer together, and the distribution of interchain distances becomes narrower. Bond angles within the chains are affected slightly. The mean bond angle decreases by 0.016°, which indicates a greater folding of the selenium chains and represents an evolution towards the angles found in crystalline selenium phases. The bond angle distribution for the annealed state is 0.006° narrower. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Reversible structural relaxation has been studied in (Fe1−xNix)80B10Si10 by differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffraction. It is found that surface crystallization plays a major role in inhibiting reversibility. In consequence, previously published data have presented a misleading picture about the composition dependence of the reversible effect in Fe-Ni-B-Si, which simply increases monotonically with Ni composition. There is no evidence that chemical short-range order plays any role in reversibility, and the data have been quantitatively modeled by simply assuming that reversible relaxation is caused by the thermal repopulation of excited structural states.

Electronic Resource

1089-7658

AIP Digital Archive

Mathematics

Physics

Though, in contrast to standard quantum field theory (QFT), the tensor-algebra over the test-function space of hyperfunction quantum field theory has no local structure, the localization properties of states on this algebra can be used to derive asymptotic Abelianness in spacelike directions. Again, in contrast to standard QFT, the closure of (Hermitian) field operators can destroy localization properties. This problem is addressed in a natural modification of the definition of the closure, called the local closure. This allows one, in conjunction with asymptotic Abelianness, to define a proper reduction of the field algebra to the subspace of the translation invariant states, and to investigate the dimension of this subspace. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1398-9995

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Background: Class I chitinase in natural rubber latex (NRL) has been assumed to be an important allergen, especially concerning its cross-reactivity with fruits like avocado and banana.Objectives: The present study aimed to produce a recombinant latex class I chitinase from Hevea brasiliensis leaves and to study its immunoglobulin (Ig)E-binding reactivity.Methods: A class I chitinase-specific complementary DNA from H. brasiliensis leaves was synthesized, subcloned, sequenced and overexpressed in fusion with the maltose-binding protein (MBP) in Escherichia coli. The IgE-binding reactivity of this protein was studied by the Pharmacia CAP SystemTM and by immunoblot experiments using sera from latex-allergic patients.Results: The rHev b 11.0102 was found to have a length of 295 amino acid residues and contains an N-terminal hevein-like domain with a 56% homology to hevein. Analysis by the CAP method revealed the presence of rHev b 11.0102-specific IgE antibodies in 17 of 58 sera (29%) of IgE-mediated latex-allergic subjects tested. Immunoblot analysis of the MBP–rHev b 11.0102 fusion protein and the MBP carrier protein as a negative control confirmed the IgE-reactivity of rHev b 11.0102.Conclusion: Due to its IgE-reactivity rHev b 11.0102 represents an allergen of intermediate prevalence in NRL. Its property to cross-react with certain fruits makes it an important supplement in the diagnostic panel of recombinant NRL allergens.

Electronic Resource

1089-7658

AIP Digital Archive

Mathematics

Physics

The choice of the class E' of generalized functions on space-time in which to formulate general relativistic quantum field theory (QFT) is discussed. A first step is to isolate a set of conditions on E' that allows a formulation of QFT in otherwise the same way as the original proposal by Wightman [Ark. Fys. 28, 129 (1965)], where E' is the class of tempered distributions. It is stressed that the formulation of QFT in which E' equals the class of Fourier hyperfunctions on space-time meets the following requirements: (A) Fourier hyperfunctions generalize tempered distributions thus allowing more singular fields as suggested by concrete models; (B) Fourier hyperfunction quantum fields are localizable both in space-time and in energy-momentum space thus allowing the physically indispensable standard interpretation of Poincaré covariance, local commutativity, and localization of energy-momentum spectrum; and (C) in Fourier hyperfunction quantum field theory almost all the basic structural results of "standard'' QFT (existence of a PCT operator, spin-statistics theorems, existence of a scattering operator, etc.) hold. Finally, a short introduction to that part of Fourier hyperfunction theory needed in this context is given.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

We propose a simple model for photoinduced charge transfer in conducting polymer C60 composites. Our model consists of coupled Su–Schrieffer–Heeger models for a single polymer chain and a C60 molecule. We have included the coupling of the molecular vibrations to the π electrons but have neglected explicit electron–electron interaction. Using adiabatic and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics, we find photoinduced electron transfer takes place in 200–300 fs. This is consistent with an experimental upper bound of 300 fs. Nonadiabatic effects tend to average out pronounced oscillatory behavior in the adiabatic calculations. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1089-7690

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

Chemistry and Pharmacology

The dissociation of fast nitrogen molecules with kinetic energies ranging from 200 to 2000 eV/atom was studied for grazing collisions with various fcc surfaces. At these energies, the dissociation is caused by vibrational and rotational excitation, the latter being favored for scattering along the surface semichannels. N2 is chemically inert and interacts mainly elastically with the surfaces. A controversial question is the role of the dynamic screening of the molecular constituents by the bulk electron gas during the dissociation process. Another interesting issue is the dependence of the dissociation probability on the azimuthal scattering angle—the fragmentation is highest for the low indexed direction. We treat both problems, by comparing results obtained from the different surfaces Pd(110), Ag(110), and Pt(110). The experimental data are compared to molecular dynamics simulations based on realistic interaction potentials as obtained from density functional theory calculations. The potentials are improved by adding an explicit dependence of the intramolecular bond strength on the molecule surface distance z, which leads to excellent agreement of experiment and simulations. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1365-2133

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Ingestion of ethyl alcohol may be associated with a number of adverse reactions. Apart from toxicological effects, intolerance syndromes occur, which are caused by genetic or acquired defects in alcohol metabolism and are manifest clinically as flushing. In addition to these abnormalities, rare cases of generalized urticaria and anaphylactoid reactions after ingestion of ethyl alcohol have been reported, the pathogenesis of which is still a matter of debate. We describe three patients who presented with recurrent generalized urticaria, which developed within minutes of consumption of small amounts of ethyl alcohol. Common causes of chronic recurrent urticaria were excluded by case history, physical examination and laboratory investigations, and by comprehensive allergy testing. All patients produced positive prick tests with acetic acid, and developed urticaria after oral challenge with small amounts of highly purified ethyl alcohol. The symptoms are most probably caused by an intolerance to ethyl alcohol or its metabolites, whereas an allergy sensu strictu seems unlikely.

Electronic Resource

1398-9995

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Background:  Wood dust is known to cause allergic occupational asthma and obeche (Triplochiton scleroxylon) is a prominent exponent in this field. However, the knowledge about wood allergens is still limited. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize obeche wood allergens.Methods:  Obeche extracts were prepared from freshly ground in comparison to 7 years stored wood dust and investigated by Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis, enzyme-linked allergosorbent test and immunoglobulin (Ig)E-immunoblot. Allergens were detected by specific IgE of seven obeche allergic patients’ sera and protein analysis was performed by mass spectrometry. Cross-reactivity was demonstrated by ImmunoCAP-inhibition with sera of seven obeche and four latex-allergic patients.Results:  Obeche extracts showed different protein pattern and IgE-binding capacities depend on the age of the wood dust. A 38 kDa protein was identified as major obeche wood allergen, detected by six of seven (85%) obeche allergic patients’ sera and was entitled as Trip s 1. Trip s 1 is homologous to plant class I chitinases and exhibited enzyme activity demonstrated by chitinolysis. Co-recognition or cross-reactivity of Trip s 1 according to structural similarity was seen in sera of latex allergic patients. IgE inhibition studies with obeche as solid phase and Trip s 1 and latex hevein as inhibitor demonstrated that Trip s 1 was a more effective inhibitor in obeche as well as in latex allergic patients’ sera.Conclusions:  Trip s 1 is a new obeche wood allergen of the plant class I chitinase family. This finding may explain the dominant role of obeche in sensitization against wood dust.

Electronic Resource

0022-8877

Philosophy