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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressJ. D. Vieira ; D. P. Marrone ; S. C. Chapman ; C. De Breuck ; Y. D. Hezaveh ; A. Weibeta ; J. E. Aguirre ; K. A. Aird ; M. Aravena ; M. L. Ashby ; M. Bayliss ; B. A. Benson ; A. D. Biggs ; L. E. Bleem ; J. J. Bock ; M. Bothwell ; C. M. Bradford ; M. Brodwin ; J. E. Carlstrom ; C. L. Chang ; T. M. Crawford ; A. T. Crites ; T. de Haan ; M. A. Dobbs ; E. B. Fomalont ; C. D. Fassnacht ; E. M. George ; M. D. Gladders ; A. H. Gonzalez ; T. R. Greve ; B. Gullberg ; N. W. Halverson ; F. W. High ; G. P. Holder ; W. L. Holzapfel ; S. Hoover ; J. D. Hrubes ; T. R. Hunter ; R. Keisler ; A. T. Lee ; E. M. Leitch ; M. Lueker ; D. Luong-Van ; M. Malkan ; V. McIntyre ; J. J. McMahon ; J. Mehl ; K. M. Menten ; S. S. Meyer ; L. M. Mocanu ; E. J. Murphy ; T. Natoli ; S. Padin ; T. Plagge ; C. L. Reichardt ; A. Rest ; J. Ruel ; J. E. Ruhl ; K. Sharon ; K. K. Schaffer ; L. Shaw ; E. Shirokoff ; J. S. Spilker ; B. Stalder ; Z. Staniszewski ; A. A. Stark ; K. Story ; K. Vanderlinde ; N. Welikala ; R. Williamson
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-03-15Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsPublished by: -
2Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0167-4943Keywords: dementia ; emotional impairment ; intellectual impairment ; motor impairment ; rating scale ; symptoms of dementiaSource: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: MedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesKanis, J. ; Johnell, O. ; Gullberg, B. ; Allander, E. ; Elffors, L. ; Ranstam, J. ; Dequeker, J. ; Dilsen, G. ; Gennari, C. ; Lopes Vaz, A. ; Lyritis, G. ; Mazzuoli, G. ; Miravet, L. ; Passeri, M. ; Perez Cano, R. ; Rapado, A. ; Ribot, C.
Springer
Published 1999Staff ViewISSN: 1433-2965Keywords: Key words:Body mass index – Calcium intake – Hip fracture – Men – Physical activity – TeaSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract: The aims of this study were to identify risk factors for hip fracture in men aged 50 years or more. We identified 730 men with hip fracture from 14 centers from Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Greece and Turkey during the course of a prospective study of hip fracture incidence and 1132 age-stratified controls selected from the neighborhood or population registers. The questionnaire examined aspects of work, physical activity past and present, diseases and drugs, height, weight, indices of co-morbidity and consumption of tobacco, alcohol, calcium, coffee and tea. Significant risk factors identified by univariate analysis included low body mass index (BMI), low sunlight exposure, a low degree of recreational physical activity, low consumption of milk and cheese, and a poor mental score. Co-morbidity including sleep disturbances, loss of weight, impaired mental status and poor appetite were also significant risk factors. Previous stroke with hemiplegia, prior fragility fractures, senile dementia, alcoholism and gastrectomy were associated with significant risk, whereas osteoarthrosis, nephrolithiasis and myocardial infarction were associated with lower risks. Taking medications was not associated with a difference in risk apart from a protective effect with the use of analgesics independent of co-existing osteoarthrosis and an increased risk with the use of anti-epileptic agents. Of the potentially ‘reversible’ risk factors, BMI, leisure exercise, exposure to sunlight and consumption of tea and alcohol and tobacco remained independent risk factors after multivariate analysis, accounting for 54% of hip fractures. Excluding BMI, 46% of fractures could be explained on the basis of the risk factors sought. Of the remaining factors low exposure to sunlight and decreased physical activity accounted for the highest attributable risks (14% and 9% respectively). The use of risk factors to predict hip fractures had relatively low sensitivity and specificity (59.6% and 61.0% respectively). We conclude that lifestyle factors are associated with significant differences in the risk of hip fracture. Potentially remediable factors including a low degree of physical exercise and a low BMI account for a large component of the total risk.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesElffors, I. ; Allander, E. ; Kanis, J. A. ; Gullberg, B. ; Johnell, O. ; Dequeker, J. ; Dilsen, G. ; Gennari, C. ; Vaz, A. A. Lopes ; Lyritis, G. ; Mazzuoli, G. F. ; Miravet, L. ; Passeri, M. ; Cano, R. Perez ; Rapado, A. ; Ribot, C.
Springer
Published 1994Staff ViewISSN: 1433-2965Keywords: Doubling time ; Excess female morbidity ; Gonadal function ; Hip fracture ; IncidenceSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract We assessed the incidence of hip fracture and ecological correlates in residents of 14 communities in six countries of Southern Europe. Hip fracture cases were recorded prospectively in defined catchment areas over a 1-year interval. A retrospective questionnaire was used to assess ecological differences between communities. During a 1-year period of observation a total of 3629 men and women over the age of 50 years were identified with hip fracture from a catchment of 3 million. In all communities the fracture rate increased exponentially with age. There were large and significant differences between centres in the doubling time for hip fracture risk with age and in crude and age-standardized rates. Greater than 4-fold and 13-fold differences in age-standardized risk were found amongst men and women respectively. The lowest rates were observed from Turkey and the highest from Seville, Crete and Porto. Fractures were significantly more frequent among women than men with the exception of three rural Turkish centres. Indeed, in rural Turkey the normal female/male ratio was reserved. Variations in incidence between regions were greater than the differences within centres between sexes, and there was a close and significant correlation between incidence rates for men and those for women in the regions studied. Excess female morbidity increased progressively from the age of 50 years but attained a plateau after the age of 80 years, suggesting a finite duration of the effect of the menopause. The retrospective questionnaire completed by 80% of cases suggested that differences in incidence between the communities studied could not be explained by differences in gonadal status in women. In both men and women cross-cultural associations were found with factors related to age or socioeconomic prosperity, the majority of which disappeared after adjustment for age. We conclude that there are marked and sizeable differences in the incidence rates of hip fracture throughout Southern Europe. The reasons for these differences are not known but affect both men and women, and are likely to be related to lifestyle or genetic factors rather than to differences in endocrine status.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1433-2965Keywords: Key words: Hip fracture; Osteoporosis; Projections; Secular trendsSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract: The aims of this study were to estimate the present and future incidence of hip fracture world-wide. From a survey of available data on current incidence, population trends and the secular changes in hip fracture risk, the numbers of hip fractures expected in 2025 and 2050 were computed. The total number of hip fractures in men and women in 1990 was estimated to be 338000 and 917000 respectively, a total of 1.26 million. Assuming no change in the age- and sex-specific incidence, the number of hip fractures is estimated to approximately double to 2.6 million by the year 2025, and 4.5 million by the year 2050. The percentage increase will be greater in men (310%) than in women (240%). With modest assumptions concerning secular trends, the number of hip fractures could range between 7.3 and 21.3 million by 2050. The major demographic changes will occur in Asia. In 1990, 26% of all hip fractures occurred in Asia, whereas this figure could rise to 37% in 2025 and to 45% in 2050. We conclude that the socioeconomic impact of hip fractures will increase markedly throughout the world, particularly in Asia, and that there is an urgent need to develop preventive strategies, particularly in the developing countries.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1433-2965Keywords: Key words:Epidemiology – Fracture – Incidence – Phosphorus – ZincSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine dietary risk factors for fracture in men aged 46–68 years. Six thousand five hundred and seventy-six men were randomly invited using the Municipal Registry to a diet and health study. The diet was assessed using a combined 7-day menu book for hot meals, beverages and dietary supplements and a quantitative food frequency questionnaire for other foods. The fracture incidence was 103/10000 person-years during a mean follow-up of 2.4 years. Zinc and phosphorus intake were associated with fracture risk and showed a threshold effect. The zinc intake in the lowest decentile, 10 mg daily, was associated with almost a doubled risk of fracture compared with the fourth and fifth quintiles (RR = 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 27–82) of zinc intake adjusted for energy, previous fractures, lifestyle factors and co-morbidity. Energy-adjusted phosporus intake in the lowest quintile, mean level 1357 mg, was associated with an increased fracture risk compared with subjects in the second quintile. Smoking, martial status and physical activity were independently associated with fracture risk. Calcium, retinol and vitamin D showed no associations with fracture risk. We conclude that inadequate intakes of zinc and phosporus are important risk factors for fracture.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1433-2965Keywords: Epidemiology ; Hip fractureSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the apparent incidence of hip fracture from discharge rates in European countries. A request was sent to the Ministries of Health in all European countries, asking for the number of hip fracture patients by age and sex, between the years 1983 and 1985. Seventeen countries responded. As expected, hip fracture was most frequently found amongst the elderly, particularly women. The incidence of hip fracture rose exponentially with age in both sexes. It was higher in women than men and there was a three-fold range between countries in the female to male sex ratio. There was an eleven-fold range in apparent incidence amongst women and a seven-fold range amongst men between the various countries. The highest incidence was found in the northern part of Europe and the lowest in the Mediterranean area. There was a significant positive correlation between the age-standardized incidence rates reported in men from each country and that in women. There was a larger difference in incidence between countries than between sexes, which suggests important genetic or environmental factors in the causation of hip fracture. The extent to which this reflects imperfect capture of data is uncertain but will be important to determine in order to identify reasons for differences and to enable confident projections of the future magnitude of this disorder.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1433-2965Keywords: Hip fracture ; Osteoporosis ; Vertebral fractureSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract The aims of this study were to quantify the hospital burden of vertebral fracture in Europe and to compare this with that of hip fracture. Information on hospital discharges was sought by age and sex from Ministries of Health in Europe. Discharge rates for vertebral fracture, available from 12 countries, varied by more than 4-fold between countries, which was greater than the differences between sexes. Where the discharge rate was high for vertebral fracture the incidence of hip fracture was also high. Since nearly all cases of hip fracture are hospitalized, this suggests a relationship between hip and vertebral fracture risk that is not explained by different admission policies for vertebral fracture in different European countries.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1335Keywords: Liver tumors ; Tumor measurementsSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Summary Experimental solitary ellipsoid liver tumors in the rat can be induced by inoculation of a tumor-cell suspension of known potency into the liver parenchyma. During laparotomy, the largest (a) and the smallest (b) superficial diameters of the tumor were measured on the surface of the liver with vernier calipers. Four different formulas have been tested and compared with the actual volume from the extirpated tumor and tumor weight. Within the size range of 15–700 mm3, based on the calculation of the difference between logarithmic tumor volume from the different formulas versus logarithmic volume of extirpated and dissected tumors and regression analyses, volume of the unremoved liver tumor can be best calculated according to the formula V=a x b 2/2.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: