Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:B. Baker)

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  1. 1
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-01-07
    Publisher:
    BMJ Publishing
    Electronic ISSN:
    2044-6055
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Keywords:
    Open access, Oncology, Screening (epidemiology)
    Published by:
    http://group.bmj.com/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  2. 2
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-05-25
    Publisher:
    BMJ Publishing
    Electronic ISSN:
    2044-6055
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Keywords:
    Open access, Health economics, Health economics
    Published by:
    http://group.bmj.com/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  3. 3
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-04-14
    Publisher:
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Print ISSN:
    0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN:
    1079-7114
    Topics:
    Physics
    Keywords:
    General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Published by:
    http://www.aps.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  4. 4
    Engblom, S., Wilson, D. B., Baker, R. E.
    Royal Society
    Published 2018
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-08-02
    Publisher:
    Royal Society
    Electronic ISSN:
    2054-5703
    Topics:
    Natural Sciences in General
    Keywords:
    computational biology, computational mathematics, computer modelling and simulation
    Published by:
    http://royalsocietypublishing.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  5. 5
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-09-12
    Publisher:
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Print ISSN:
    1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-3795
    Topics:
    Physics
    Keywords:
    Semiconductors I: bulk
    Published by:
    http://www.aps.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  6. 6
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2013-09-28
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  7. 7
    C. R. Webster ; P. R. Mahaffy ; G. J. Flesch ; P. B. Niles ; J. H. Jones ; L. A. Leshin ; S. K. Atreya ; J. C. Stern ; L. E. Christensen ; T. Owen ; H. Franz ; R. O. Pepin ; A. Steele ; C. Achilles ; C. Agard ; J. A. Alves Verdasca ; R. Anderson ; D. Archer ; C. Armiens-Aparicio ; R. Arvidson ; E. Atlaskin ; A. Aubrey ; B. Baker ; M. Baker ; T. Balic-Zunic ; D. Baratoux ; J. Baroukh ; B. Barraclough ; K. Bean ; L. Beegle ; A. Behar ; J. Bell ; S. Bender ; M. Benna ; J. Bentz ; G. Berger ; J. Berger ; D. Berman ; D. Bish ; D. F. Blake ; J. J. Blanco Avalos ; D. Blaney ; J. Blank ; H. Blau ; L. Bleacher ; E. Boehm ; O. Botta ; S. Bottcher ; T. Boucher ; H. Bower ; N. Boyd ; B. Boynton ; E. Breves ; J. Bridges ; N. Bridges ; W. Brinckerhoff ; D. Brinza ; T. Bristow ; C. Brunet ; A. Brunner ; W. Brunner ; A. Buch ; M. Bullock ; S. Burmeister ; M. Cabane ; F. Calef ; J. Cameron ; J. Campbell ; B. Cantor ; M. Caplinger ; J. Caride Rodriguez ; M. Carmosino ; I. Carrasco Blazquez ; A. Charpentier ; S. Chipera ; D. Choi ; B. Clark ; S. Clegg ; T. Cleghorn ; E. Cloutis ; G. Cody ; P. Coll ; P. Conrad ; D. Coscia ; A. Cousin ; D. Cremers ; J. Crisp ; A. Cros ; F. Cucinotta ; C. d'Uston ; S. Davis ; M. Day ; M. de la Torre Juarez ; L. DeFlores ; D. DeLapp ; J. DeMarines ; D. DesMarais ; W. Dietrich ; R. Dingler ; C. Donny ; B. Downs ; D. Drake ; G. Dromart ; A. Dupont ; B. Duston ; J. Dworkin ; M. D. Dyar ; L. Edgar ; K. Edgett ; C. Edwards ; L. Edwards ; B. Ehlmann ; B. Ehresmann ; J. Eigenbrode ; B. Elliott ; H. Elliott ; R. Ewing ; C. Fabre ; A. Fairen ; K. Farley ; J. Farmer ; C. Fassett ; L. Favot ; D. Fay ; F. Fedosov ; J. Feldman ; S. Feldman ; M. Fisk ; M. Fitzgibbon ; M. Floyd ; L. Fluckiger ; O. Forni ; A. Fraeman ; R. Francis ; P. Francois ; C. Freissinet ; K. L. French ; J. Frydenvang ; A. Gaboriaud ; M. Gailhanou ; J. Garvin ; O. Gasnault ; C. Geffroy ; R. Gellert ; M. Genzer ; D. Glavin ; A. Godber ; F. Goesmann ; W. Goetz ; D. Golovin ; F. Gomez Gomez ; J. Gomez-Elvira ; B. Gondet ; S. Gordon ; S. Gorevan ; J. Grant ; J. Griffes ; D. Grinspoon ; J. Grotzinger ; P. Guillemot ; J. Guo ; S. Gupta ; S. Guzewich ; R. Haberle ; D. Halleaux ; B. Hallet ; V. Hamilton ; C. Hardgrove ; D. Harker ; D. Harpold ; A. M. Harri ; K. Harshman ; D. Hassler ; H. Haukka ; A. Hayes ; K. Herkenhoff ; P. Herrera ; S. Hettrich ; E. Heydari ; V. Hipkin ; T. Hoehler ; J. Hollingsworth ; J. Hudgins ; W. Huntress ; J. Hurowitz ; S. Hviid ; K. Iagnemma ; S. Indyk ; G. Israel ; R. Jackson ; S. Jacob ; B. Jakosky ; E. Jensen ; J. K. Jensen ; J. Johnson ; M. Johnson ; S. Johnstone ; A. Jones ; J. Joseph ; I. Jun ; L. Kah ; H. Kahanpaa ; M. Kahre ; N. Karpushkina ; W. Kasprzak ; J. Kauhanen ; L. Keely ; O. Kemppinen ; D. Keymeulen ; M. H. Kim ; K. Kinch ; P. King ; L. Kirkland ; G. Kocurek ; A. Koefoed ; J. Kohler ; O. Kortmann ; A. Kozyrev ; J. Krezoski ; D. Krysak ; R. Kuzmin ; J. L. Lacour ; V. Lafaille ; Y. Langevin ; N. Lanza ; J. Lasue ; S. Le Mouelic ; E. M. Lee ; Q. M. Lee ; D. Lees ; M. Lefavor ; M. Lemmon ; A. Lepinette Malvitte ; R. Leveille ; E. Lewin-Carpintier ; K. Lewis ; S. Li ; L. Lipkaman ; C. Little ; M. Litvak ; E. Lorigny ; G. Lugmair ; A. Lundberg ; E. Lyness ; M. Madsen ; J. Maki ; A. Malakhov ; C. Malespin ; M. Malin ; N. Mangold ; G. Manhes ; H. Manning ; G. Marchand ; M. Marin Jimenez ; C. Martin Garcia ; D. Martin ; M. Martin ; J. Martinez-Frias ; J. Martin-Soler ; F. J. Martin-Torres ; P. Mauchien ; S. Maurice ; A. McAdam ; E. McCartney ; T. McConnochie ; E. McCullough ; I. McEwan ; C. McKay ; S. McLennan ; S. McNair ; N. Melikechi ; P. Y. Meslin ; M. Meyer ; A. Mezzacappa ; H. Miller ; K. Miller ; R. Milliken ; D. Ming ; M. Minitti ; M. Mischna ; I. Mitrofanov ; J. Moersch ; M. Mokrousov ; A. Molina Jurado ; J. Moores ; L. Mora-Sotomayor ; J. M. Morookian ; R. Morris ; S. Morrison ; R. Mueller-Mellin ; J. P. Muller ; G. Munoz Caro ; M. Nachon ; S. Navarro Lopez ; R. Navarro-Gonzalez ; K. Nealson ; A. Nefian ; T. Nelson ; M. Newcombe ; C. Newman ; H. Newsom ; S. Nikiforov ; B. Nixon ; E. Noe Dobrea ; T. Nolan ; D. Oehler ; A. Ollila ; T. Olson ; M. A. de Pablo Hernandez ; A. Paillet ; E. Pallier ; M. Palucis ; T. Parker ; Y. Parot ; K. Patel ; M. Paton ; G. Paulsen ; A. Pavlov ; B. Pavri ; V. Peinado-Gonzalez ; L. Peret ; R. Perez ; G. Perrett ; J. Peterson ; C. Pilorget ; P. Pinet ; J. Pla-Garcia ; I. Plante ; F. Poitrasson ; J. Polkko ; R. Popa ; L. Posiolova ; A. Posner ; I. Pradler ; B. Prats ; V. Prokhorov ; S. W. Purdy ; E. Raaen ; L. Radziemski ; S. Rafkin ; M. Ramos ; E. Rampe ; F. Raulin ; M. Ravine ; G. Reitz ; N. Renno ; M. Rice ; M. Richardson ; F. Robert ; K. Robertson ; J. A. Rodriguez Manfredi ; J. J. Romeral-Planello ; S. Rowland ; D. Rubin ; M. Saccoccio ; A. Salamon ; J. Sandoval ; A. Sanin ; S. A. Sans Fuentes ; L. Saper ; P. Sarrazin ; V. Sautter ; H. Savijarvi ; J. Schieber ; M. Schmidt ; W. Schmidt ; D. Scholes ; M. Schoppers ; S. Schroder ; S. Schwenzer ; E. Sebastian Martinez ; A. Sengstacken ; R. Shterts ; K. Siebach ; T. Siili ; J. Simmonds ; J. B. Sirven ; S. Slavney ; R. Sletten ; M. Smith ; P. Sobron Sanchez ; N. Spanovich ; J. Spray ; S. Squyres ; K. Stack ; F. Stalport ; T. Stein ; N. Stewart ; S. L. Stipp ; K. Stoiber ; E. Stolper ; B. Sucharski ; R. Sullivan ; R. Summons ; D. Sumner ; V. Sun ; K. Supulver ; B. Sutter ; C. Szopa ; F. Tan ; C. Tate ; S. Teinturier ; I. ten Kate ; P. Thomas ; L. Thompson ; R. Tokar ; M. Toplis ; J. Torres Redondo ; M. Trainer ; A. Treiman ; V. Tretyakov ; R. Urqui-O'Callaghan ; J. Van Beek ; T. Van Beek ; S. VanBommel ; D. Vaniman ; A. Varenikov ; A. Vasavada ; P. Vasconcelos ; E. Vicenzi ; A. Vostrukhin ; M. Voytek ; M. Wadhwa ; J. Ward ; E. Weigle ; D. Wellington ; F. Westall ; R. C. Wiens ; M. B. Wilhelm ; A. Williams ; J. Williams ; R. Williams ; R. B. Williams ; M. Wilson ; R. Wimmer-Schweingruber ; M. Wolff ; M. Wong ; J. Wray ; M. Wu ; C. Yana ; A. Yen ; A. Yingst ; C. Zeitlin ; R. Zimdar ; M. P. Zorzano Mier
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2013
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2013-07-23
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  8. 8
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-10-16
    Publisher:
    The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Print ISSN:
    0008-5472
    Electronic ISSN:
    1538-7445
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Published by:
    http://www.aacr.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  9. 9
    Q. H. Zhang ; B. C. Zhang ; M. Lockwood ; H. Q. Hu ; J. Moen ; J. M. Ruohoniemi ; E. G. Thomas ; S. R. Zhang ; H. G. Yang ; R. Y. Liu ; K. A. McWilliams ; J. B. Baker
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Published 2013
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2013-03-30
    Publisher:
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Print ISSN:
    0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN:
    1095-9203
    Topics:
    Biology
    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Computer Science
    Medicine
    Natural Sciences in General
    Physics
    Published by:
    http://www.aaas.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  10. 10
    Sao Emani, C., Williams, M. J., Wiid, I. J., Baker, B., Carolis, C.
    The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
    Published 2018
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-03-28
    Publisher:
    The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
    Print ISSN:
    0066-4804
    Electronic ISSN:
    1098-6596
    Topics:
    Biology
    Medicine
    Published by:
    http://www.asm.org/

    Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in Press
  11. 11
    Staff View
    Publication Date:
    2018-08-03
    Publisher:
    Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP)
    Electronic ISSN:
    1748-0221
    Topics:
    Physics
    Published by:
    http://www.iop.org/

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  12. 12
    ALLI, I. ; ROBIDAS, E. ; NOROOZI, E. ; BAKER, B. E.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Published 1985
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2494
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes:
    Lucerne (approximately 10% flowering, 270 g dry matter kg−1) and timothy (boot stage, 310 g dry matter kg−1) were harvested and allowed to wilt for a period of 52·5 h. During the early stages of wilting of lucerne there were increases in the proportion of leaf material (dry weight basis), as well as increases in total available carbohydrate and water soluble carbohydrate concentrations. Approximately 50% of the leaf material in lucerne and in timothy was lost after a drying period of 52·5 h and after tedding and raking operations prior to baling of the hay. This resulted in considerable reduction in the protein content of both lucerne and timothy.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1985.tb01740.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  13. 13
    FOUNTAIN, R. B. ; BAKER, B. S. ; HADGRAFT, J. W. ; SARKANY, I.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Published 1969
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2133
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    SUMMARY.— The rate of absorption of methyl nicotinate dissolved in water, polyethylene glycol 300, propylene glycol and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol was studied by measuring, in vivo, the area and duration of the erythema which it produced.With all the solutions it was found that the slower the absorption the longer was the duration of action. This relationship did not alter, either with different sites on the back, or at different ambient temperatures.Methyl nicotinate was absorbed more quickly from the upper than the lower back. It was also absorbed more rapidly at higher ambient temperatures. Altering the concentration of methyl nicotinate between 0·25% and 1% did not change its rate of absorption although it increased the intensity of the reaction.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb16008.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  14. 14
    BAKER, B. S. ; FOUNTAIN, R. B. ; HADGRAFT, J. W. ; SARKANY, I.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Published 1969
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2133
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    SUMMARY.— The rate of diffusion of methyl nicotinate in water, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 300 has been investigated using optical density as a measure of the concentration of methyl nicotinate. The volatility and affinity for water, viscosities and surface tensions of these solvents have also been studied. The relationship between these physical properties and the influence of the solvent on the vasodilator response to methyl nicotinate is discussed.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb15920.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  15. 15
    Ovigne, J.-M. ; Baker, B. S. ; Davison, S. C. ; Powles, A. V. ; Fry, L.

    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Published 2002
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1600-0625
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    Abstract: Chronic plaque psoriasis is a T cell mediated disease associated with group A streptococci (GAS). We have previously shown the presence of a psoriasis-specific dermal Th1 subset that recognizes GAS antigens. To assess whether GAS-reactive T cells are also present in lesional epidermis, fresh cell suspensions or T cell lines isolated from lesional epidermis of 33 psoriasis patients were stained for intracellular interferon-γ after stimulation with GAS antigens. The patients were typed by PCR for HLA-DR7 and HLA-Cw6 expression. A subset of GAS-reactive CD8+ T cells (2.4% ± 2.4) was found in 14/21 (67%) fresh cell suspensions. A smaller subset of GAS-reactive CD4+ T cells (0.9% ± 0.9) was found in 13/21 (62%) fresh cell suspensions, which was expanded in the T cell lines. There was a significant inverse correlation between the proportions of GAS-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the fresh suspensions (r = −0.48, P = 0.0277). The presence of GAS-reactive CD4+ or CD8+ T cells did not correlate with HLA-DR7 or HLA-Cw6 expression, respectively. This study has demonstrated GAS-reactive CD8+, and to a lesser extent CD4+, T cell subsets in psoriatic epidermis and provides further evidence that GAS antigens may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic plaque psoriasis.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2002.110410.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  16. 16
    Baker, B. S. ; Brown, D. ; Fischetti, V. A. ; Ovigne, J.-M. ; Porter, W. ; Powles, A. ; Fry, L.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Published 2001
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-3083
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    Proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to group A streptococcal (GAS) antigens have been studied in 24 patients with psoriasis and 15 disease controls. Extracts of cell wall (including M protein) from types M4 and M12 GAS, recombinant M6 protein, and both cell-wall and cell-membrane extracts from type M6 (M6+) GAS and its corresponding M gene deletion mutant (M6-) were tested. PBMC from psoriatic patients proliferated more strongly to cell-wall extracts from M12 versus M4 (P = 0.0348), and to M6+ versus M6- (P = 0.0019) GAS with, in most cases, moderate proliferation to recombinant M6 protein. The psoriatic response to M12 cell wall was significantly increased compared to the controls (P = 0.0032). In psoriatics, M6+ membrane extracts induced a markedly greater proliferation than those of cell wall (P = 0.0002); responses to M6+ (P = 0.0039) and M6- (P = 0.0114) membrane extracts were higher than those of the control PBMC. Both groups showed a decreased response to the M6- versus M6+ membrane extracts (P = 0.0030; P= 0.0181, respectively). This study has demonstrated that patients with psoriasis have a heightened circulating T-cell response to cell wall M protein and to non-M proteins present on the cell wall and membrane of GAS.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2001.01009.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  17. 17
    Lyon, V. E. ; Baker, B. I.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Published 1993
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2826
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    The neurohypophysial melanin-concentrating hormone, MCH, plays a role in adaptive colour change in teleost fishes, inducing pallor when the fish is placed in pale-coloured surroundings. The present study shows that its plasma concentration, measured in groups of white-adapted fish, is not uniformly high throughout the day but follows a clear diurnal pattern. Over a 24 h cycle, plasma concentrations rise gradually during the morning to reach peak values around the middle of the photophase, after which they decline significantly before night. Lowest concentrations are observed during the dark period. This pattern was observed under a long photoperiod in summer and a short photoperiod in winter. The peak was shifted within a week of changing the onset of either light or dark. When dawn was delayed by 6 h for fish held on a long photoperiod, the usual morning rise in hormone titres was suppressed but, with the advent of light, hormone concentrations rose more rapidly than usual to reach peak values at about the normal time. If the dawn was advanced by 6 h for fish held under short photoperiod conditions, then peak concentrations were attained 6 h precociously. Fish from a long photoperiod placed in constant light showed a pattern of MCH release which approximated to the normal over the first 24 h period but plasma values then became raised and periodicity was no longer discernible. Plasma hormone concentrations were much reduced in trout kept in black coloured tanks in which nocturnal and daytime values differed, but significant differences during the photophase were not demonstrable. The results suggest that an illuminated white background can initiate the early morning release of MCH, and that an endogenous pacemaker underlies the pattern of MCH secretion.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00513.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  18. 18
    Gilchriest, B. J. ; Tipping, D. J. ; Hake, L. ; Levy, A. ; Baker, B. I.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Published 2001
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2826
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    Previous studies on trout suggest that melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) acts at both hypothalamic and pituitary levels to restrain the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone and hence cortisol during stress. Using in situ hybridization, the present work examined whether high rates of MCH secretion were associated with changes in the synthesis of arginine vasotocin (AVT), one of the corticotropin secretogogues. It also examined whether high endogenous MCH secretion restrains cortisol secretion during intense as well as mild stress, and how exogenous MCH affects the rise in plasma cortisol following injection stress. Trout were reared in black- or white-coloured tanks for 1 year or more to achieve maximal differences in MCH secretion. Following a mild stress, cortisol secretion was greater in black-reared fish with low MCH secretion which is in line with previous findings but, following a more severe stress, plasma cortisol concentrations were similar in the two groups. Injection of MCH into black-adapted fish restrained the stress-induced rise in plasma cortisol concentration during the first hour but did not affect final cortisol values. In two separate experiments, AVT mRNA levels were significantly lower in the hypothalamus of black-reared fish. Possible explanations for this include a greater negative-feedback restraint by cortisol, which is likely to rise higher in black-adapted fish during the moderate, daily stresses of aquarium life; or the possibility that exposure to a white background may be psychologically stressful, stimulating AVT transcription. The possibility that MCH directly stimulates AVT transcription cannot be excluded but seems less likely. The results suggest that while MCH may restrain the release of hypothalamo-pituitary stress hormones under moderately stressful conditions, it does not restrain AVT synthesis.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00648.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  19. 19
    Murray, J. F. ; Mercer, J. G. ; Adan, R. A. H. ; Datta, J. ; Aldairy, C. ; Moar, K. M. ; Baker, B. I. ; Stock, M. J. ; Wilson, C. A.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Published 2000
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2826
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    The adipose hormone, leptin, not only restrains appetite, but also influences energy expenditure. One such influence is to promote sexual maturation and fertility. The neuromodulatory circuits that mediate this effect are not well known but the present study suggests that one mediator could be melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH). We show that the long-form receptor (Ob-Rb) is expressed in the zona incerta of the rat and that administration of leptin (both 0.5 µg and 1.0 µg/side) into this area of ovariectomized, oestrogen-primed rats stimulated the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) within 1 h, the effect enduring for a further 1 h. Injections of leptin into the arcuate nucleus induced a smaller, transient rise in LH while injections into the paraventricular and ventromedial nuclei were without effect. MCH neurones are present in the zona incerta and administration of this hormone into the medial preoptic area (mPOA) stimulates LH release, therefore we investigated the possibility that MCH might mediate this effect of leptin. An injection of MCH antiserum into mPOA prevented the rise in LH normally induced by leptin injected into the zona incerta. In addition, melanocortin receptor antagonists ([D-Arg8]ACTH(4-10) and [Ala6]ACTH(4-10)), previously shown to inhibit the stimulatory effect of MCH on LH release, also inhibited the effect of leptin. We propose that one route by which leptin may promote reproductive activity is by enhancing MCH release from fibres within the mPOA. Speculative mechanisms for the action of MCH include the following possibilities: MCH may be acting on the specific MCH receptor which in turn interacts with a melanocortin or melanocortin-like receptor; MCH may bind directly to one of the melanocortin receptors; or melanocortin antagonists may interact with the MCH receptor.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000.00577.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses
  20. 20
    Gilchriest, B. J. ; Tipping, D. R. ; Hake, L. ; Levy, A. ; Baker, B. I.

    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Published 2000
    Staff View
    ISSN:
    1365-2826
    Source:
    Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics:
    Medicine
    Notes:
    Secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the fish pituitary, which occurs in times of stress, is stimulated by several hypothalamic neuropeptides, one of which is arginine vasotocin (AVT). This study investigates whether gene expression for AVT is up-regulated during acute or chronic stress. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were subjected to one of two forms of acute stress—either 2 h confinement followed by 2 h recovery, or capture and transfer to low water for 2 min followed by 4 h recovery in their home tank before autopsy. In other experiments, these stresses were repeated daily for 5 or 6 days (chronic stress). Quantification of AVT transcript prevalence in the parvocellular and magnocellular neurones of the preoptic nucleus after in situ hybridization was used as a monitor of the AVT gene response to stress. The results showed that acute confinement, but apparently not brief low-water stress, significantly increased AVT transcript prevalence in a group of parvocellular perikarya. When applied repeatedly, both forms of stress caused habituation, such that the AVT hybridization signal remained at control or even lower levels despite elevated pro-opiomelanocortin transcripts in the corticotropes and raised plasma cortisol concentrations. The AVT hybridization signal in the magnocellular perikarya showed no significant response to either acute or chronic stress. The results support the idea that these parvocellular AVT neurones are involved in ACTH stimulation during acute stress, and that the system habituates to chronic stresses.
    Type of Medium:
    Electronic Resource
    URL:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000.00522.x

    Articles: DFG German National Licenses