Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:A. Pauli)

2018-09-07

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Development, Genetics

2014-01-11

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Cell Movement ; Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism ; Frameshift Mutation ; Gastrulation/genetics/*physiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Zebrafish/*embryology/genetics/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics/*metabolism

1524-475X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The impaired wound healing associated with aging may reflect inadequate secretion or delivery of cytokines. Transforming growth factor-β1 is a mitogenic polypeptide with beneficial effects on wound healing. In the present study we questioned whether topical administration of transforming growth factor-β1 could improve the wound healing process in aged rats in vivo. Wound repair (from 1 to 14 days) was analyzed in full-thickness incisional wounds from 2-year-old rats with or without a single topical application of transforming growth factor-β1 (1 µg/wound) at the time of wounding. Identical wounds from 3-month-old, untreated rats served as controls. Histologic analysis showed a marked delay in several aspects of wound repair in the aged rats in comparison with that noted in the younger animals. Immunostaining of the wounds for proliferating cell nuclear antigen showed a reduction in the number of cycling fibroblasts in old rats. In addition, the number of capillaries per unit area of the wound as determined by a stain for Griffonin (Bandeiraea) simplicifolia lectin, and the number of inflammatory cells as identified by an antibody specific for macrophages, were also reduced in the wound area in old rats. Treatment with transforming growth factor-β1 resulted in marked enhancement of the following parameters: cell proliferation, inflammatory cell and fibroblast influx, wound closure, and angiogenesis. As seen with in situ hybridization, a similar temporal pattern of expression of messenger RNAs corresponding to type I procollagen and Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (osteonectin), known to be prevalent in healing wounds, was observed in both young and aged rats. However, the levels of mRNA corresponding to these secreted proteins appeared to be reduced in wound tissue from aged rats. Treatment with transforming growth factor-β1 subsequently resulted in an increase in the expression of both type I procollagen and Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine mRNA in the wound tissue from aged rats. In summary, a single topical application of transforming growth factor-β1 to the wounds of aged rats at the time of wounding was associated with a healing response that, in all the parameters of wound repair examined, was similar to that of young rats. Topical transforming growth factor-β1 might therefore be beneficial in the treatment of dermal wounds in the aged.

Electronic Resource

0005-2760

Acyl-CoA ; Biliary secretion ; Cholesterol metabolism ; Polyunsaturated fatty acid ; cholesterol acyltransferase

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

0005-2760

(Rat) ; Gastric mucosa ; Phospholipase A"2 ; Subcellular localization

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

1476-5535

Keywords: activated sludge; biological phosphate removal; polyphosphate; Acinetobacter

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

The bacterial community of a biological phosphate removal (BPR) activated sludge process was studied and compared to that of a non-BPR process treating the same municipal waste water. Bacterial isolates from the BPR process, as characterized by whole cell fatty acids, belonged to more than twenty genera, with Micrococcus, Staphylococcus and Acidovorax scoring highest. Acinetobacter spp represented 4% of cultured bacteria, ≤3% as estimated by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and well under 10% on the basis of the proportion of ubiquinone Q9 in the sludge. The mole proportions of ubiquinones, Q8 : Q10 : Q9 in the sludge were maintained fairly stable at approximately 9:4:1. The spectra of the isolated strains and the proportions of ubiquinones in the processes (BPR vs non-BPR) were otherwise similar, but a significant number of isolates related to actinomycetes were obtained from the BPR sludge only. The BPR process did not enrich Acinetobacter. Pure cultures of Acinetobacter isolated from the sludge stained for polyphosphate, but Acinetobacter cells responding to the ACA probe in native sludge from the BPR process did not. Instead, the bulk of the polyphosphate in the BPR sludge was located in a distinct morphotype of large, coccoid, highly clustered cells.

Electronic Resource

1432-2307

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0009-8418

Classical Studies

0009-8418

Classical Studies

CONTRIBUTORS

1432-0614

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Abstract  Three Acinetobacter isolates (identified by API 20 NE as A. baumannii, A. junii, A. lwoffii) from activated sludge treating forest-industry wastewaters were used as model organisms for polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria to optimize growth conditions for acinetobacters. The optimal concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium for the growth of these isolates were determined by using four sets of factorially designed experiments. Maximum growth was obtained with an average C : N : P ratio of 100 : 14 : 1.5 (on a weight basis) in the medium. The average N : P ratio of about 10 is twice the ratio that is usually considered optimal for bacterial growth in activated sludge. Magnesium and potassium are crucial for polyphosphate metabolism. A. baumannii did not respond to either magnesium or potassium additions, and A. junii had a linear response to potassium. Comparison of the optimal molar Mg : P (0.93–1.8) and K : P (0.56) ratios obtained for A. lwoffii and A. junii in the experiments to the corresponding ratios in the influent wastewaters indicates that magnesium and potassium would not limit growth and concomitant polyphosphate formation in acinetobacters. The results based on the optimal concentrations of elements in the medium may provide a better basis for optimizing the growth conditions than data on the chemical composition of bacterial cells.

Electronic Resource

1432-0614

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Abstract Three Acinetobacter isolates (identified by API 20 NE as A. baumannii, A. junii, A. lwoffii) from activated sludge treating forest-industry wastewaters were used as model organisms for polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria to optimize growth conditions for acinetobacters. The optimal concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium for the growth of these isolates were determined by using four sets of factorially designed experiments. Maximum growth was obtained with an average C:N:P ratio of 100:14:1.5 (on a weight basis) in the medium. The average N:P ratio of about 10 is twice the ratio that is usually considered optimal for bacterial growth in activated sludge. Magnesium and potassium are crucial for polyphosphate metabolism. A. baumannii did not respond to either magnesium or potassium additions, and A. junii had a linear response to potassium. Comparison of the optimal molar Mg:P (0.93–1.8) and K:P (0.56) ratios obtained for A. lwoffii and A. junii in the experiments to the corresponding ratios in the influent wastewaters indicates that magnesium and potassium would not limit growth and concomitant polyphosphate formation in acinetobacters. The results based on the optimal concentrations of elements in the medium may provide a better basis for optimizing the growth conditions than data on the chemical composition of bacterial cells.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

cellulose ; DTA-TG ; etherified cellulose derivatives ; lignine

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Abstract Cellulose and its derivatives (methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose) used as excipients in pharmaceutical industry can be characterised by simultaneous thermoanalytical (DTA and TG) methods, based on the temperatures of exothermic peaks. Lignine cellulose can be identified by taking into account the difference in temperature between the first exothermic DTA peak and the corresponding DTG peak.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

cellulose and derivatives ; identification ; thermal analysis

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Abstract The cellulose and its derivatives are used more and more, especially like excipients in pharmaceutical industry. The identification of cellulose and some of its derivatives: cellulose acetophthalate, hydroxy-propylmethylcellulose acetosuccinate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxysthylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose phthalate, is possible by thermal analysis (simultaneous DTA-TG). For that reason, one consider the temperature of the DTA maximum peaks and the DTG minimum peaks. This identification is easy when these products are a majority in pharmaceutical specialities.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

cellulose ; chemical analysis ; DTA-TG ; flammability ; plants

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Abstract Thermal analysis can be used for the behaviour of plants during heating and most particularly in the risk prevention of forest fire. Cellulose, holocellulose and lignin are the most important compounds determinated by analytical procedures in six mediterranean vegetals: Acacia dealbata, Pinus halepinsis, Quercus coccifera, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Ulex parviflorus. TG-DTA is applied to the powders obtained after drying (110°C), pounding and sifting. The rate of pyrolysis about 300°C allows a semi-quantitative estimate of the cellulose present in the vegetal and its flammability.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

cellulose ; decomposition ; kinetic ; lignin ; thermogravimetry

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Abstract Forest fires are a plague for all countries in the world. Many factors can induce them. The organic matter (‘fuel’) in the plant, is often responsible for the start of the fire. The bio-polymers and mainly the cellulose decompose at about 300°C with flammable evolved gas. This decomposition is first order, and the activation energy is about 180 kJ mol−1 . On the other hand, the degradation of the lignin seems more complex, but we observed on many samples, a linearly decomposition of the lignin vs. the heating rate (in the interval close to the start of the forest fire, 300 to 3000°C h−1 ). The decomposition of the plant during the heat is mainly dependent on the cellulose level. This degradation is also slightly dependent on the lignin level mainly if the lignin present in this plant is less stable.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Zusammenfassung Thermogravimetrische Kurven eines Harnstorf-Formaldehyd-Isolierschaums wurden zu verschiedenen Zeiten nach dessen Bildung (von 6 Stunden bis 35 Tagen) aufgenommen. Drei Gewichtsverlustintervalle wurden mit steigender Temperatur beobachtet, die abhängig von der Schaumalterung sind. Die Kinetik des Gewichtsverlustes wird angegeben. Formaldehyd wird bei allen Schaumalterungszeiten hauptsächlich während des ersten Intervalls gebildet. Bei Raumtemperatur wird Formaldehydbildung nur während der ersten 4 Tage nach der Bildung des Schaumes beobachtet. Nach längeren Alterungszeiten setzt die Abgabe von Formaldehyd erst bei einer temperatur von 60 °C ein.

Резюме Термогравиметричес кие кривые мочевино-формальлег идного изоляционног о пепопласта были измерены в интер валах времени от 6 часо в до 35 дней после его получения. О ни показали три интерва ла потери веса в завис имости от температуры и старен ия пенопласта. Представлена кинети ческая потеря веса. На первом этапе, независимо от с тарения пенопласта, основным продуктом р азложения был формал ьдегид. При обычной температуре это достигалось только после четырех дневного старения пе нопласта. После этого периода с тарения, выделение формальде гида было возможным т олько при температуре 60°.

Abstract The thermogravimetric curves of an urea-formaldehyde insulating foam were obtained at selected times after their formation (from six hours to thirty five days). They showed three intervals of weight loss depending on the temperature, and were different according to the foam ageing. The kinetics of weight loss has been studied. Formaldehyde was mainly produced during the first interval independent of the stage of foam ageing. At ambient temperature, formaldehyde formation was only achieved after four days following the foam formation. After this period of, time, the formaldehyde evolution was only observed when the temperature reached 60 °C.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Zusammenfassung Polystyren (PS) und dessen Copolymere (SBR, ASA, SAN und ABS) wurden mittels DTA untersucht. Diese 5 Systeme ergeben einen starken endothermen Zérsetzungspeak bei 380 °C. Die Kurven weisen auch einen (ASA, SAN, ABS) bzw. zwei (PS, SBR) exotherme Peaks auf, die bei SBR größer und näher bei einander sind als bei PS. Für ASA-, SAN- und ABS-Copolymere ist die Form des endothermen Peaks charakteristisch (die Steigung des Kurvenastes ansteigender Temperatur wurde berechnet und bezogen auf 1 g der Probe angegeben). Diese Methode wurde zur Identifizierung von Verpackungsmaterial von Lebensmitteln und Arzneimitteln herangezogen.

Резюме Методом ДТА изучены п олистирол (PS) и его сополимеры (SBR, ASA, SAN и ABS). Все пять полимеров да ют при 380° большой эндотермический пик разложения. Кривые ДТ А для соединений ASA, SAN, ABS показыв ают один экзотермиче ский пик, а для соединений PS, SBR два пика, которые для соед инения SBR больше и уже, ч ем для PS. Сополимеры ASA, SAN и ABS охарактеризованы фо рмой эндотермическо го пика (вычислен наклон крив ой с увеличением температуры и выраже н на грамм вещества). Эт от метод был использован для и дентификации упаковки пищевых и фа рмацевтических прод уктов.

Abstract Polystyrene (PS) and its copolymers (SBR, ASA, SAN and ABS) have been studied by differential thermal analysis. These five families exhibit a large endothermic decomposition peak at about 380 °C. The curves exhibit also one exothermic peak (ASA, SAN, ABS) or two (PS, SBR) which are larger and nearer for SBR than for PS. ASA, SAN and ABS copolymers are characterized by an endothermic peak shape (the slope of the ascending part has been computed and expressed for one gramme of sample). This method was used for identification of alimentary package and some pharmaceutical disposables.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand dieser Arbeit war die Untersuchung von feuerfesten Polystyrolen. Sowohl die Bestimmung der Dichte, die Untersuchung auf Flammenhemmer und Halogene als auch die Untersuchung des thermischen Verhaltens mittels DTA und TG ermöglichen eine Differenzierung der Proben und eine Klassifizierung nach Gehalt an Chlorid, Bromid und Flammenhemmer.

Abstract The objective of this work is to study a few samples of fire-proof polystyrene. Determination of density, the search for fire retardants and halogen assessment as well as thermal behaviour, are studied by DTA and TG. All make it possible to distinguish among the samples and to classify them according to the chloride and bromide, fire-proofing agents content.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

DTA-TG ; flammability ; plants

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Abstract Thermal analysis can be used for the study of the behaviour of plants during heating, and most particularly in the risk prevention of forest fire. Simultaneous thermal analysis (DTA-TG) of some mediterranean vegetals (needles of Pinus halepensis, leaves of Quercus coccifera; leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis; prickles, flowers and branchs of Ulex parviflorus; leaves and branchs of Acacia dealbata; leaves of Cistus albidus) shows the presence of several exothermic peaks. The first one, about 300°C, is responsible for a brutal ignition of the evolved gas. We compare the different samples by using the DTA and DTG peak temperatures and the weight loss by volatilization at 300°C.

Electronic Resource

1572-8943

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Zusammenfassung Polycaprolacton ist ein neuartiger Kunststoff, der in der OrthopÄdie als Knochenersatz Verwendung findet. Die Charakterisierung und Identifizierung kann durch thermoanalytische Messungen (DTA) auf Grund von endothermen VorgÄngen bei 61 und 380

Abstract Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a new material used in orthopedics. It is characterized by an endothermic melting peak at about 61

Electronic Resource