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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressK. Howe ; M. D. Clark ; C. F. Torroja ; J. Torrance ; C. Berthelot ; M. Muffato ; J. E. Collins ; S. Humphray ; K. McLaren ; L. Matthews ; S. McLaren ; I. Sealy ; M. Caccamo ; C. Churcher ; C. Scott ; J. C. Barrett ; R. Koch ; G. J. Rauch ; S. White ; W. Chow ; B. Kilian ; L. T. Quintais ; J. A. Guerra-Assuncao ; Y. Zhou ; Y. Gu ; J. Yen ; J. H. Vogel ; T. Eyre ; S. Redmond ; R. Banerjee ; J. Chi ; B. Fu ; E. Langley ; S. F. Maguire ; G. K. Laird ; D. Lloyd ; E. Kenyon ; S. Donaldson ; H. Sehra ; J. Almeida-King ; J. Loveland ; S. Trevanion ; M. Jones ; M. Quail ; D. Willey ; A. Hunt ; J. Burton ; S. Sims ; K. McLay ; B. Plumb ; J. Davis ; C. Clee ; K. Oliver ; R. Clark ; C. Riddle ; D. Elliot ; G. Threadgold ; G. Harden ; D. Ware ; S. Begum ; B. Mortimore ; G. Kerry ; P. Heath ; B. Phillimore ; A. Tracey ; N. Corby ; M. Dunn ; C. Johnson ; J. Wood ; S. Clark ; S. Pelan ; G. Griffiths ; M. Smith ; R. Glithero ; P. Howden ; N. Barker ; C. Lloyd ; C. Stevens ; J. Harley ; K. Holt ; G. Panagiotidis ; J. Lovell ; H. Beasley ; C. Henderson ; D. Gordon ; K. Auger ; D. Wright ; J. Collins ; C. Raisen ; L. Dyer ; K. Leung ; L. Robertson ; K. Ambridge ; D. Leongamornlert ; S. McGuire ; R. Gilderthorp ; C. Griffiths ; D. Manthravadi ; S. Nichol ; G. Barker ; S. Whitehead ; M. Kay ; J. Brown ; C. Murnane ; E. Gray ; M. Humphries ; N. Sycamore ; D. Barker ; D. Saunders ; J. Wallis ; A. Babbage ; S. Hammond ; M. Mashreghi-Mohammadi ; L. Barr ; S. Martin ; P. Wray ; A. Ellington ; N. Matthews ; M. Ellwood ; R. Woodmansey ; G. Clark ; J. Cooper ; A. Tromans ; D. Grafham ; C. Skuce ; R. Pandian ; R. Andrews ; E. Harrison ; A. Kimberley ; J. Garnett ; N. Fosker ; R. Hall ; P. Garner ; D. Kelly ; C. Bird ; S. Palmer ; I. Gehring ; A. Berger ; C. M. Dooley ; Z. Ersan-Urun ; C. Eser ; H. Geiger ; M. Geisler ; L. Karotki ; A. Kirn ; J. Konantz ; M. Konantz ; M. Oberlander ; S. Rudolph-Geiger ; M. Teucke ; C. Lanz ; G. Raddatz ; K. Osoegawa ; B. Zhu ; A. Rapp ; S. Widaa ; C. Langford ; F. Yang ; S. C. Schuster ; N. P. Carter ; J. Harrow ; Z. Ning ; J. Herrero ; S. M. Searle ; A. Enright ; R. Geisler ; R. H. Plasterk ; C. Lee ; M. Westerfield ; P. J. de Jong ; L. I. Zon ; J. H. Postlethwait ; C. Nusslein-Volhard ; T. J. Hubbard ; H. Roest Crollius ; J. Rogers ; D. L. Stemple
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2013Staff ViewPublication Date: 2013-04-19Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Animals ; Chromosomes/genetics ; Conserved Sequence/*genetics ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Genes/genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genome, Human/genetics ; Genomics ; Humans ; Male ; Meiosis/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Annotation ; Pseudogenes/genetics ; Reference Standards ; Sex Determination Processes/genetics ; Zebrafish/*genetics ; Zebrafish Proteins/geneticsPublished by: -
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Publication Date: 2018-07-25Description: This research examined the effects of Personal Need for Structure, Need for Closure, and Personal Fear of Invalidity on information processing during the development of stereotypes. In Study 1, participants read as many group member descriptions as they wanted before expressing group stereotypes. Participants higher in Personal Fear of Invalidity sought more information; they also developed more detailed stereotypes when they received more information, whereas participants lower in Personal Fear of Invalidity did not. There was a tendency for participants higher in Need for Structure & Closure to develop less accurate stereotypes. Finally, participants higher in Need for Structure & Closure or Personal Fear of Invalidity were less confident about their stereotypes when they received more information, whereas participants lower in Need for Structure & Closure or Personal Fear of Invalidity were more confident. In Study 2, participants were presented with two, four, or eight descriptions of group members before expressing stereotypes. Participants lower in Personal Fear of Invalidity developed more detailed stereotypes when they received more information, whereas participants higher in Personal Fear of Invalidity did not. When two or eight group member descriptions were presented (fewer or more than participants probably would have chosen themselves), participants higher in Personal Fear of Invalidity and lower in Need for Structure & Closure generated the most accurate stereotypes. Finally, participants higher in Need for Structure & Closure did not differ in stereotype confidence as a function of how much information they received, whereas participants lower in Need for Structure & Closure were more confident when they received more information. These results indicate that cognitive style plays a role in the development of group stereotypes.Keywords: Need for Closure; Personal Fear of Invalidity; Personal Need for Structure; stereotype development; stereotypes;Type: journal article, Zeitschriftenartikel -
3FIS Bildung LiteraturdatenbankStaff View
Type of Medium: articlePublication Date: 2017Keywords: Kompetenz ; Soziale Identität ; Identitätsbildung ; Motivationsförderung ; Selbstbild ; Berufliche Flexibilität ; Berufliche Identität ; Karriereplanung ; Berufsberatung ; Berufswahl ; Soziale Unterstützung ; Beratungskonzept ; Junger ErwachsenerIn: International journal for educational and vocational guidance, Bd. 17 (2017) H. 1, S. 5-18, 0251-25131573-1782Language: English -
4Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressStaff View
Publication Date: 2018-02-28Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell ; PubMed CentralElectronic ISSN: 2045-8827Topics: BiologyMedicinePublished by: -
5Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressArabella Young, Shin Foong Ngiow, Yulong Gao, Ann-Marie Patch, Deborah S. Barkauskas, Meriem Messaoudene, Gene Lin, Jerome D. Coudert, Kimberley A. Stannard, Laurence Zitvogel, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Eric Vivier, Nicola Waddell, Joel Linden, Nicholas D. Huntington, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Mark J. Smyth
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-02-16Publisher: The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)Print ISSN: 0008-5472Electronic ISSN: 1538-7445Topics: MedicinePublished by: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesHANNA, M. H. ; HEAP, D. G. ; KIMBERLEY, A. P. S.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1983Staff ViewISSN: 1365-2044Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Ninety patients, divided randomly into three groups, received either no metoprolol, 50 mg or 100 mg metoprolol as an oral premedication. The electrocardiogram was monitored throughout the procedure. It was found that both doses of metoprolol significantly reduced the incidence of cardiac dysrhythmia.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesDeam, R. ; Kimberley, A. P. S. ; Anderson, M. ; Soni, N.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1988Staff ViewISSN: 1365-2044Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: The admission of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) to intensive care units in the United Kingdom was surveyed in January 1986. Ninety-three intensive care units completed the questionnaire. Thirty-two patients had been admitted to 12 units up to that time. Twenty-five (78%) of these patients had received artificial ventilation of the lungs. The commonest cause of respiratory failure on admission was Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; this occurred in 27 patients, seven of whom also had pulmonary cytomegalovirus infection. Four patients had Kaposi's sarcoma and three of these patients also had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The overall mortality was 72%; twenty (80%) of the patients who required artificial ventilation, died. Ten patients survived to leave the intensive care unit, but one patient died of respiratory failure prior to discharge home.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesRichardson, Kimberley A. ; Tunny, Terry J. ; Clark, Charles V.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1997Staff ViewISSN: 1440-1681Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: 1. Familial primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a heterogeneous disease of unknown aetiology and the elucidation of the underlying genetic mechanisms contributing to phenotypic expression will be essential if earlier diagnosis of at-risk individuals and more specific medical treatment can be achieved. In a significant percentage of patients with POAG, intraocular pressure increases in response to topical ocular glucocorticoids.2. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) assists in the regulation of intraocular pressure levels and binding of the glucocorticoid receptor dimer to the glucocorticoid-responsive element in intron 2 of the ANP gene has been shown to increase ANP mRNA levels in vitro. We amplified and examined this sequence in the ANP gene by PCR-SSCP analysis in 100 patients with familial POAG and in 60 normal control subjects. No base alterations in the amplified product were found.3. Thus, the present study found no evidence for an alteration in the sequence of the glucocorticoid-responsive element of the ANP gene that could alter ANP gene transcription in patients with familial POAG. The mechanism responsible for the increase in intraocular pressure levels in response to glucocorticoids is most likely independent of the glucocorticoid-responsive element in the ANP gene.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesTunny, Terry J. ; Richardson, Kimberley A. ; Clark, Charles V.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1998Staff ViewISSN: 1440-1681Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: 1. Endothelium-derived substances are important regulators of the microcirculation. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO), which is catalysed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is a potent modulator of vascular tone in the human ophthalmic artery, which is normally in a state of constant vasodilation due to the actions of NO. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) produces vasoconstriction of the anterior optic nerve vasculature and may be associated with glaucomatous optic neuropathy. The aetiology of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) remains largely unknown. Thus, alterations in the regulatory sequences of the genes coding for endothelium-derived NOS (eNOS) and ET-1 may have important effects in the development of POAG and were looked for in the present study.2. In 56 patients with familial POAG and in 100 control subjects with no family history of hypertension or POAG, we examined the 5’ flanking sequences of the eNOS and ET-1 genes, which contain many positive and negative regulatory regions affecting gene transcription, using polymerase chain reaction-based single strand conformation polymorphism analysis, to search for alterations. No variant in the promoter region of the ET-1 gene was observed in familial POAG or controls. Using three primer sets spanning 706 b.p. of the eNOS gene, we observed alterations in 11 of 56 (20%) familial POAG members and in seven of 100 (7%) controls. Sequence analysis demonstrated a C/T substitution at the 5’ sequence position nucleotide (nt) -690 from the transcription start site, which lies between the CAMP regulatory element (nt -726 to -732) and an activator protein-1 binding domain (nt -655 to -661).3. In summary, genotypic and allelic frequency analysis found no association between alterations in the promoter region of the ET-1 gene and familial POAG. A variant in the promoter region of the eNOS gene was seen in a significant percentage of familial POAG patients. Future expression studies will determine whether this polymorphism results in altered eNOS gene expression.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesPatil, Sandeep T ; Zhang, Lu ; Lowe, Stephen L ; Jackson, Kimberley A ; Andreev, Boris V ; Avedisova, Alla S ; Bardenstein, Leonid M ; Gurovich, Issak Y ; Morozova, Margarita A ; Mosolov, Sergey N ; Neznanov, Nikolai G ; Reznik, Alexander M ; Smulevich, Anatoly B ; Tochilov, Vladimir A ; Johnson, Bryan G ; Schoepp, Darryle D ; Martenyi, Ferenc ; Monn, James A
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 2007Staff ViewISSN: 1546-170XSource: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyMedicineNotes: [Auszug] Schizophrenia is a chronic, complex and heterogeneous mental disorder, with pathological features of disrupted neuronal excitability and plasticity within limbic structures of the brain. These pathological features manifest behaviorally as positive symptoms (including hallucinations, delusions and ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1550-7408Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyNotes: A marine planktonic ciliate, belonging to the genus Askenasia Blochmann, 1895, is described with notes on its distribution and ecology. Specimens of this new species were collected from four coastal sites across the northern hemisphere. Samples were collected between March and December, from depths of 1–20 m. Relatively low (〈 1 ml−1) densities were recorded from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and North Sea coastal sites, whereas samples from the English Channel suggested that this species has the ability to form blooms. Specimens were protargol-stained, revealing the key features of the genus, including the diagnostic sub-equatorial kinety belt consisting of three unciliated monokinetids. However, the species is larger than other Askenasia with a single distinctive, rope-like, scalloped macronucleus. This species also appears to have an extra somatic kinety belt, which may be present but has not been observed in other Askenasia species. Based on size, kinety structure, kinety number, and macronuclear shape a new species has been established.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1559-1816Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: PsychologyNotes: Despite the overwhelming evidence that associates regular physical activity with physical and mental health benefits, millions of North Americans remain sedentary. Previous research by Poag-DuCharme and Brawley (1993, 1994) and suggestions by Bandura (1989, 1997) led to the hypothesis that goals would influence exercise behavior through the mediating variable of self-efficacy. Changes to the social cognitions and behavioral patterns of adherers during the exercise program were also assessed. Results demonstrate that at midprogram, self-efficacy beliefs mediated the relationship between goal influence and exercise frequency. Significant increases were observed in self-efficacy and perceived exertion from onset to midprogram. Onset goal influence and self-efficacy significantly discriminated adherers from dropouts. Results are discussed with respect to the need to continue investigating the changing influence of social cognitions on motivating behavior.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesShaw, John S. ; Garcia, Lisette A. ; McClure, Kimberley A.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1999Staff ViewISSN: 1559-1816Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: PsychologyNotes: To understand more about what laypeople think they “know” about eyewitness testimony, 276 jury-eligible university students were asked to indicate what factors they believe affect the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. In contrast to the large proportion of eyewitness-memory research that concerns system variables, the lay respondents overwhelmingly generated factors related to estimator variables, while system-variable factors such as police questioning and identification procedures were rarely mentioned. Respondents also reported that their own common sense and everyday life experiences were their most important sources of information about the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. Not only do these results clarify the need for further research on the lay perspective of eyewitness testimony, but they also provide some insight into the way in which many jurors might approach cases involving eyewitness evidence.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesMarath, A. ; Man, W. ; Taylor, K. M. ; Deverall, P. B. ; Parsons, S. ; Jones, O. H. ; Lincoln, C. ; Kimberley, A.
Springer
Published 1988Staff ViewISSN: 1420-908XSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract We have previously reported our findings of very high plasma histamine levels in the extracorporeal blood primes of infants undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for correction of congenital cardiac defects and have now extended this enquiry to examine the whole peri-operative period. In this preliminary study, samples of blood for plasma histamine were drawn from a mixed group of congenital cardiac patients featuring varying degrees of cyanosis, differing hypothermic operative conditions and utilising two oxygenator systems. Despite the diversity of this group a common pattern of histamine release emerged with a clear origin at the commencement of bypass, and continuing during the operative period. Our results suggest that priming procedures using stored donor blood provide a major contributing source of histamine release with inevitable deleterious consequences to the post-operative outcome.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1438-1435Keywords: Liver injuries ; Blunt abdominal trauma ; Computed tomography ; Helical technologySource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract This study was performed to evaluate whether consecutive arterial phase and portal venous phase scans of the upper abdomen are contributory in the evaluation of the liver in patients with blunt abdominal trauma. The purpose of the study was to determine whether such dual acquisition using helical computed tomography (HCT) provides improved definition of injuries and significant information about the dynamics of posttraumatic hemorrhage. During a 10-month period, all patients referred for evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma were scanned using a dual phase imaging technique. Two consecutive and comparable scan clusters were programmed to study the upper abdomen, with a slice collimation of 10 mm and a 1∶1 pitch. Intravenous contrast medium was delivered at a rate of 2 ml/sec for a total of 125 ml, with scan delays of 30 and 70 seconds (arterial and venous phases of hepatic enhancement). Thirty-two patients with hepatic lacerations were encountered, and the images from both acquisitions were compared and graded according to lesion conspicuity. The presence of contrast medium extravasation associated with parenchymal injuries was also recorded. In 23 (72%) of the 32 patients, the liver injuries were better defined in the portal venous phase, and in eight (25%) patients, the lesions were equally shown in both phases. In only one case, the lesion was better demonstrated in the arterial phase. Contrast medium extravasation was noted in two patients at the site of liver laceration. In three additional cases, contrast medium extravasation was also noted in associated splenic injuries. In all of these patients, the extravasation (bleeding laceration) was seen only in the images corresponding to the portal venous phase. Dual phase HCT of the upper abdomen does not provide significant additional information in the evaluation of patients with liver injuries resulting from blunt abdominal trauma. With a single scan cluster through the upper abdomen after a 70-second injection-scan delay, lesion definition is optimal, and vascular opacification remains adequate.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1573-661XSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: PsychologyLawNotes: Abstract Two experiments tested the proposition that postevent questioning can lead to later increases in witness confidence without corresponding changes in witness accuracy. After a staged interruption in a college classroom, participants were questioned about the event 5 times over 5 weeks in Experiment 1 (n=57) and 3 times over 5 days in Experiment 2 (n=79). During the final questioning session, the participant-witnesses consistently reported higher levels of confidence for those items that had been subject to repeated postevent questioning than for those items that were asked for the first time, yet there was no difference in the accuracy of the responses to the two sets of items. Additionally, in all conditions the participant-witnesses were generally overconfident in their responses. These results suggest that repeated postevent questioning can cause eyewitnesses' subsequent confidence estimates to be “artificially” inflated.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1573-6970Keywords: Tax Avoidance ; Optimal Commodity Taxation ; Cross-Border ShoppingSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: EconomicsNotes: Abstract A simple inventory theoretic model of cross-border shopping with transaction and storage costs is developed. Consumers incur fixed transaction and transportation costs to access the foreign market in which a perfect substitute of the domestic good is available. We show that the size of the optimal tax is inversely related to the size of domestic transactions. This result provides a simple example of a more general principle, that is, when there are increasing returns to scale in tax avoidance with respect to the quantities involved, then smaller transactions should be taxed more heavily than larger transactions.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1573-2762Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: SociologyNotes: Abstract The present study assessed the magnitude of sexdifferences in loneliness after accounting for theinfluence of two covariates: masculinity and femininity.The 256 participants (principally White, somewhat affluent, and middle-class university students)completed both the UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Bem SexRole Inventory. Whereas sex differences were originallynonsignificant (males tended to be lonelier than females), this difference was significantafter accounting for masculinity (not femininity)embedded in participants' loneliness scores. Similarresults emerged when the covariates were partialled out of both loneliness (criterion) and sex(predictor). These findings support the hypothesis thatmales appear reluctant to admit feelings of loneliness.Male reluctance to personally admit social deficits such as loneliness is suggested for futureresearch.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0032-8332Keywords: Saimiri ; Conceptual behavior ; Squirrel monkeys ; Natural concepts ; Animal cognitionSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract Natural conceptual discriminations have been tested in many different species, including pigeons and a variety of non-human primates. The ability of four male squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) to learn and use the natural concept ‘squirrel monkey’ was investigated in this study. After a training phase, subjects were presented with novel stimuli in transfer and test trials. All subjects performed at a rate significantly above chance on the first test trial (p〈.001), indicating that squirrel monkeys can utilize natural concepts in the laboratory.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesLentz, Kimberley A. ; Polli, Joseph W. ; Wring, Stephen A. ; Humphreys, Joan E. ; Polli, James E.
Springer
Published 2000Staff ViewISSN: 1573-904XKeywords: P-glycoprotein ; passive permeabilitySource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: Chemistry and PharmacologyNotes: Abstract Purpose. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the importance of moderate passive permeability on apparent P-glycoprotein (P-gp) kinetics, and demonstrate that inspection of basolateral to apical and apical to basolateral (BL-AP/AP-BL) permeability ratios may result in a compound being overlooked as a P-gp substrate and inhibitor of another drug's transport via P-gp inhibition. Methods. The permeability ratios of nicardipine, vinblastine, cimetidine, and ranitidine were determined across Caco-2 monolayers that express P-gp, in the presence and absence of the specific P-gp inhibitor, GF120918. In addition, the permeability ratio of vinblastine was studied after pretreatment of Caco-2 monolayers with nicardipine, ranitidine, or cimetidine. Similar studies were repeated with hMDR1-MDCK monolayers. Results. The permeability ratios for cimetidine and vinblastine were 〉2. The permeability ratios for nicardipine and ranitidine were close to unity, and were not affected by the addition of GF120918. Based solely on ratios, only compounds with moderate transcellular permeability (vinblastine and cimetidine) would be identified as P-gp substrates. Although the permeability ratios appeared to be unity for nicardipine and ranitidine, both compounds affected the permeability of vinblastine, and were identified as substrates and inhibitors of P-gp. Studies performed in hMDR1-MDCK cells confirmed these experimental results. Data were explained in the context of a kinetic model, where passive permeability and P-gp efflux contribute to overall drug transport. Conclusions. Moderate passive permeability was necessary for P-gp to reduce the AP-BL drug permeability. Inspection of the permeability ratio after directional transport studies did not effectively identify P-gp substrates that affected the P-gp kinetics of vinblastine. Because of the role of passive permeability, drug interaction studies with known P-gp substrates, rather than directional permeability studies, are needed to elucidate a more complete understanding of P-gp kinetics.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: