Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:A. Islam)

2011-08-13

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Adhesiveness ; Dermis ; Elastic Modulus ; Elastomers ; Electric Power Supplies ; Electrocardiography/instrumentation/methods ; Electrodes ; Electrodiagnosis/*instrumentation/*methods ; Electroencephalography/instrumentation/methods ; Electromyography/instrumentation/methods ; *Epidermis ; Humans ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Monitoring, Physiologic/*instrumentation/*methods ; Nanostructures ; *Semiconductors

2018-05-23

Institute of Physics (IOP)

1757-8981

1757-899X

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

1572-9605

electron–phonon coupling ; Eliashberg spectral function ; high-T c superconductors

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Physics

Abstract We used a simplified but more realistic form of a model spectral functions for some high-T c superconductors (e.g., LSCO, YBCO, BSCCO), avoiding the elaborate process of solving the Eliashberg equations numerically. The resulting spectral functions, constructed using the phonon density of states (PDOS), obtained from INS experiments with the easy use of available expressions, reproduce the observed critical temperature, gap ratio, and several other parameters. T c is found to have a stronger increase with the electron–phonon coupling constant λ compared to those obtained from several equations, constructed from numerical solution of the Eliashberg equations for lower λ values. The obtained functions show widely spreading spectra that inhibit lattice instability by yielding not too large values of λ (〈 2.95).

Electronic Resource

2018-05-17

BMJ Publishing Group

0021-9746

1472-4146

Medicine

Diagnostics

2018-10-10

The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)

0022-1767

1550-6606

Medicine

2018-10-27

Institute of Physics (IOP)

1757-8981

1757-899X

Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

1089-7550

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

The growth of GaS films on GaAs(001) surfaces by using thermal evaporation of layered-compound GaS has been investigated by Auger electron spectroscopy, low-energy electron-loss spectroscopy (LEELS), x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a function of deposition temperature. The LEELS spectrum of the films grown at lower temperatures (≤400 °C) resembles that of a GaS single crystal, whereas that of the films grown at 450 °C reveals that GaAs surface was terminated by Ga2S3 layer. XPS spectra suggest that after annealing at 500 °C, S atoms moved from As atoms to Ga atoms to form stable Ga–S bonds at the interface and As–S bonds are observed to be less stable. The band discontinuity at the GaS/GaAs(001) interface estimated by XPS showed the straddling-type I band alignment. Surface morphology of the films studied by AFM reveals the layer-by-layer initial growth of GaS. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1077-3118

AIP Digital Archive

Physics

A Si(111):GaSe van der Waals surface is prepared using sequential deposition of Ga and Se at elevated temperature on a Si(111)-7×7 surface. Surface properties were investigated by soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The Si(111)-1×1:GaSe surface remains with electronic surface potentials near flatband condition. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.

Electronic Resource

1600-0528

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract –Objectives: Few studies in North America have assessed dental fluorosis of the primary dentition and few, if any, anywhere have assessed the relative importance in fluorosis etiology of fluoride intake during different time periods or from multiple sources. The purpose of this paper is to report on analyses relating estimated prenatal fluoride intake and fluoride intake during different parts of the first year of life to primary tooth fluorosis.Methods: As part of The Iowa Fluoride Study, subjects were recruited at birth and studied longitudinally. Trained examiners assessed dental fluorosis for children aged 4–7 years using the Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis (TSIF) adapted for the primary dentition. Detailed parent questionnaires at childbirth were used to estimate prenatal fluoride intake and questionnaires sent at 6 weeks and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were used to estimate fluoride intake during the first year of life (combined fluoride intake from water, food and beverage, supplements, and dentifrice). There were 504 children with prenatal and at least four of the five postnatal responses with complete data.Results: Fluorosis prevalence was 12.1%, occurring primarily on the second primary molars. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression were used to assess the importance of different time periods' fluoride intake. In bivariate analyses, fluoride intake during each time interval was individually significantly related to fluorosis occurrence. For multivariate analyses, the period from 6 to 9 months was most important individually (P = 0.0001), and no other period was jointly statistically significant.Conclusions: Results suggest that the middle of the first year of life is most important in fluorosis etiology for the primary dentition in this setting.

Electronic Resource

1439-0523

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

In order to determine the genetic relatedness of individual barley chromosomes to wheat chromosomes, ‘Betzes’ barley chromosomes 1, 3 and 6 were substituted for individual ‘Chinese Spring’ wheat chromosomes of homoeologous groups 7, 3 and 6, respectively. The substitution status of these lines has been confirmed using isozyme selective markers, chromosome pairing behaviour in F1 hybrids between the substitution lines and the appropriate double ditelocentric stocks of wheat, and hybridization of cDNA probes to the genomic DNA digests of these substitution lines. Each of the three barley chromosomes provided genetic compensation for the wheat chromosomes they replaced in the substitution plants. From the basis of this compensation with respect to plant vigour and fertility, barley chromosomes 1, 3 and 6 have been designated 7H, 3H and 6H.

Electronic Resource

1460-9568

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Schwann cells participate in myelin phagocytosis in the early stage of Wallerian degeneration, prior to the recruitment of macrophages. This is the first report that Schwann cells induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a 32-kDa heat shock protein, only when they have transformed into myelin-phagocytosing cells from myelinating cells (days 2–3) immediately after crush injury of rat sciatic nerves. Double immunofluorescent labelling for HO-1 and transferrin receptors revealed that HO-1-immunoreactive Schwann cells also expressed transferrin receptors suggesting activation of iron metabolism. The transient induction of HO-1 in Schwann cells may contribute to the adaptive function in an altered environment when the cells have lost contact with axons, and may play a crucial role in the ensuing regeneration.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The preparation of sections of bone marrow cores in a routine histology laboratory requires decalcification and paraffin embedding, which produces shrinkage and considerable loss of cellular detail. This may be avoided by using plastic embedding procedures. This report describes a simplified routine procedure for using methyl-methacrylate as a plastic embedding medium for the preparation of semi-thin sections of undecalcified bone marrow cores. A modification of the May-Grunwald-Giemsa stain is also given which provides good colour differentiation of various haematopoietic cells in the marrow. The method is simple, reproducible, requires no expensive equipment, and is suitable for routine processing of bone marrow biopsy cores in any histopathology laboratory.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

A serial study of the extent of bone marrow (BM) fibrosis was carried out in 14 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) in blast transformation (BT) who received intensive treatment followed by autografts to restore marrow haemopoiesis. Some degree of marrow fibrosis (MF) was identified in 13 of the 14 patients when blast transformation was diagnosed. A transient increase in the amount of marrow fibrosis was observed in most cases immediately following intensive chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy alone but this had regressed by 4–6 weeks when chronic phase haemopoiesis was established in the marrow. The presence of marrow fibrosis when blast transformation was diagnosed did not appear to impair the effectiveness of the autograft.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Sixteen patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) in blast cell transformation (BT) were studied by means of serial bone marrow trephine biopsies (BMB). The BMB were performed during the following stages of the disease: 1 at diagnosis of BT, 2 following ablative therapy and 3 during haematological recovery following autografting. In 10 of the 16 patients, BT was recognized by the presence of a distinctive infiltration with blast cells with a single large hyperchromatic nucleolus. In four of the 16 patients, the diagnosis of BT could only be made by BMB since simultaneous marrow aspiration yielded either a dry tap or no marrow fragments; in two of these four patients the BT was focal in the BMB specimen. Following ablative therapy and during haematological regeneration after autografting, BM aspirates were unsatisfactory in most cases and they were inadequate to assess cellularity or the presence of residual blasts. In contrast, sections of BMB showed clearly whether a decrease in cellularity took place or, in some, residual blasts were still present. BMB samples obtained 2 weeks after autografting showed haemopoietic regeneration consisting of discrete foci of either erythroid, granulocytic or megakaryocytic precursor cells. We conclude that BMB is essential for diagnosiing CGL in BT, for monitoring the progress of these patients after therapy and in assessing the haemopoietic regeneration following autografting.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Pretreatment bone marrow trephine biopsy sections (BMB) from 34 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) were studied in parallel with bone marrow aspiration smears and peripheral blood films. In four cases marrow aspiration was inadequate and in five cases it was unsatisfactory. In two other cases hypoplastic AML was diagnosed, the aspirate in one suggested hypercellularity and in another it was unsatisfactory. Trephine biopsy was superior to aspiration for the evaluation of fat and marrow cellularity, pattern and extent of blast cell infiltration, homogeneity of the leukaemic infiltrate, frequency of mitoses, residual haemopoietic activity and presence of inflammatory cells. Of the various features studied in the sections, the presence of an increased number of plasma cells and considerable myelodysplasia (MD) appeared to be unfavourable prognostic features. We conclude that trephine biopsies are essential for the diagnosis of hypoplastic AML and are most useful when marrow aspiration is either inadequate or unsatisfactory. They also provide additional information about the bone marrow changes in AML and suggest that some histological features may also have prognostic significance.

Electronic Resource

1365-3180

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Two biotypes of the grass weed barley grass (Hordeum glaucum), one resistant and the other susceptible to the herbicide paraquat, were studied along with their F1, F2 and F3 progeny to determine the inheritance of paraquat resistance. The plants were sprayed with 50–200 g a.i. paraquat ha−1. These concentrations killed the susceptible type. The data obtained from segregating populations indicated that paraquat resistance in H. glaucum is controlled by a single nuclear gene with incomplete dominance.

Electronic Resource

1095-8649

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Biology

The pike perches Stizostedion lucioperca and S. volgense, river perch Perca fluviatilis and ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus are important components of the fish fauna of the Kuibyshev reservoir in Russia. We analysed genetic variation within and among populations of these species. Two microsatellite DNA from walleye S. vitreum were used as primers of this study. Each of the DNA markers resolved 6–10 alleles with locus Svi4 and Svi6 and size range of 102–169 base pairs (bp). PCR was performed with the selected primers, with temperature cycles followed a denaturing profile for 30 s at 94° C. A final 10 min elongation step was resumed at 72° C after 35 cycles. Stizostedion volgense showed the highest bp of 100 to 3000, differing by sex, age and maturity level. The populations of P. fluviatilis have variable DNA polymorphism within the range 90–1000 base pairs. We also detected a new band in the fingerprints. The degree of neutral genetic variation detected indicates that effective population sizes of the study species are large.

Electronic Resource

1365-2559

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The interactions between haemopoietic and stromal elements are crucial for stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The bulk of this evidence is derived from experiments in rodents and in-vitro culture studies. We have studied the spatial relationships between the stromal and haemopoietic components and their cellular composition in histological sections of bone marrow (BM) from seven healthy fetuses, 10 normal adults and over 60 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) at different stages of the disease. During the early developmental stage (16–18 weeks) fetal BM showed focal haemopoiesis with a characteristic spatial localization of haemopoiesis near bony trabeculae and around small blood vessels. In AML following the treatment-induced hypoplasia, large uniform unilocular fat cells arranged in groups designated ‘structured fat’ developed from scattered multilocular precursor fat cells. Early foci of haemopoietic regeneration were present almost exclusively in areas of structured fat. In the marrow of patients with CGL in blast transformation (BT) treated by intensive therapy and autografting with cryopreserved haemopoietic stem cells, the haemopoiesis was focal. Clusters of regenerating erythroid precursors or of megakaryocytes were seen in intimate contact with marrow sinusoids and granulopoietic precursors in intimate association with small blood vessels and also in close contact with the endosteal surface of bony trabeculae. We conclude that the endosteal cells, fat cells and the vascular endothedial cells comprise the critical non-haemopoietic stromal elements of human BM. The close associations observed between the regenerating haemopoietic cells and the stromal cells provide strong evidence in support of the existence of a permissive haemopoietic micro-environment in man and emphasize the structural and functional interrelationships that exists between bone, fat, the microvascular system and haemopoiesis in human bone marrow.

Electronic Resource

1476-4687

Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

[Auszug] In the investigation recorded here the hormone, indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA), was applied in lanolin paste at 300 p.p.m., instead of wrapping the pedicel of the pollinated flowers with cotton soaked in the hormone as described in the previous report1. This slightly modified technique improved the ...

Electronic Resource

0021-9673

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource