Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:A. Castano)

2018-08-31

Genetics Society of America (GSA)

0016-6731

Biology

2012-07-28

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Aneuploidy ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Benzamides/pharmacology ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Chromosomal Instability ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Fetal Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Glioblastoma/*genetics/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Mitosis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Oncogene Fusion ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Piperazines/pharmacology ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Pyrazoles/pharmacology ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/antagonists & ; Spindle Apparatus/metabolism ; Translocation, Genetic ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

1612-1112

Column liquid chromatography ; Narrow bore columns ; Cymiazole ; Honey ; Solid-phase extraction ; UV and electrochemical detection

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Summary An HPLC method for determination of cymiazole in honey using a narrow bore C18 column is described. Preconcentration and sample cleaning were achieved by using solid-liquid extraction with SCX Bond Elut cartridges. The performance of UV and amperometric (EC) detector systems were also compared. The detection limits with UV and EC detectors were 1.7 and 0.7 μg kg−1 respectively. Average recoveries obtained with UV and EC detectors were 91.2% and 86.1% with a standard deviation of 3.8% and 12.5% respectively. In spite of its higher sensitivity the EC detector is not suitable for this type of analysis because of its lack of reproducibility and the long analysis time required.

Electronic Resource

2018-10-05

American Society of Hematology (ASH)

0006-4971

1528-0020

Biology

Medicine

Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, Lymphoid Neoplasia

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Abstract: The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is still poorly understood. To address the hypothesis that immunemediated events, such as microglial activation, may be involved in the dopaminergic neurodegeneration, we have studied the effect that intranigral injection of the immunostimulant lipopolysaccharide has on monoaminergic neurotransmitters in rats. Activation of microglial cells, visualized by immunohistochemistry with a specific monoclonal antibody, was already obvious 2 days after injection. In relation to the biochemical parameters studied, we found a significant decrease of dopamine levels in both the substantia nigra and striatum up to at least 21 days after intranigral injection of lipopolysaccharide. This result was supported by the decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase activity and the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuronal bodies, shown by immunohistochemistry. These alterations of the dopaminergic system did not reverse during the interval studied (21 days); conversely, the serotoninergic system suffered only transient damage. In addition, we found that the neurotoxic effect of lipopolysaccharide was not mediated by nitric oxide. Based on our results we suggest that the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system is susceptible to damage by inflammatory events and that these may be implicated in neurodegeneration processes such as Parkinson's disease.

Electronic Resource

1600-0536

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1460-9568

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

When a peripheral nerve is damaged the severed axon undergoes Wallerian degeneration. The distal nerve is infiltrated by large numbers of monocyte-derived macrophages which participate in the phagocytosis of degenerating myelin. In other tissues, adhesion molecules play a crucial role in leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. Blood-borne cells enter damaged tissue by interacting with adhesion molecules expressed on activated endothelium. Having crossed the endothelium, leukocytes must adhere and migrate within the tissue. We investigated the adhesion molecules involved in both stages of the macrophage response to transection of one sciatic nerve of BALB/c mice. By injecting monoclonal antibodies in vivo, before and after peripheral nerve injury, we showed that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and integrins α4β1 (VLA-4) and αMβ2 (type 3 complement receptor) are unlikely to be involved in the transendothelial migration of monocytes responding to peripheral nerve degeneration. We also studied the adhesion of macrophages within the endoneurium, using an in vitro adhesion assay. Macrophages showed much greater levels of adhesion to cryostat sections of transected nerves than to control nerves. This increased adhesion was partially inhibited by antibodies to the β1 -integrin chain, and more strongly inhibited by the extracellular matrix molecules fibronectin and collagen. Adhesion was unaffected by laminin-I and by antibodies to other adhesion molecules, including α4β1- and α5β1-integrins. Thus we conclude that monocyte entry into a degenerating peripheral nerve is independent of αLβ2/αMβ2-ICAM-1 or α4β1/NCAM-1 interactions, and that adhesion within the endoneurium is mediated in part by a β1 -integrin other than α4β1 or α5β1.

Electronic Resource

1471-4159

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

It is becoming widely accepted that the inflammatory response is involved in neurodegenerative disease. In this context, we have developed an animal model of dopaminergic system degeneration by the intranigral injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a potent inductor of inflammation. To address the importance of the inflammatory response in the LPS-induced degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurones, we carried out two different kinds of studies: (i) the possible protective effect of an anti-inflammatory compound, and (ii) the effect of the intranigral injection of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ) on dopaminergic neurones viability. Present results show that dexamethasone, a potent anti-inflammatory drug that interferes with many of the features characterizing pro-inflammatory glial activation, prevented the loss of catecholamine content, Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and TH immunostaining induced by LPS-injection and also the bulk activation of microglia/macrophages. Surprisingly, injection of the pro-inflammatory cytokines failed to reproduce the LPS effect. Taken together, our results suggest that inflammatory response is implicated in LPS-induced neurodegeneration. This damage may be due, at least in part, to a cascade of events independent of that described for TNF-α/IL-1β/IFN-γ.

Electronic Resource

1460-9568

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Activation and proliferation of microglia are commonly described in the central nervous system after a wide range of insults, but the mechanisms that regulate their phenotype in vivo are still poorly understood. We have studied the effect that adrenalectomy and dexamethasone treatment have on the proliferation and activation of microglia during Wallerian degeneration of the optic nerve in BALB/c mice. We found that the onset and rate of microglia proliferation is independent of glucocorticoids. There was an increase in F4/80-positive cells 3 days after optic nerve crush, with a peak at 7 days, both in the optic nerve and its target, the superior colliculus. The numbers of F4/80-positive cells remained high up to 3 weeks after crush, the longest time point examined. We also found that up-regulation of F4/80 and the complement receptor type 3 and expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens were not affected by adrenalectomy or dexamethasone treatment. These observations show that, unlike microglia in vitro or peripheral macrophages, microglia do not readily respond to glucocorticoids, which could indicate a lack of or reduced expression of glucocorticoid receptor in these cells.

Electronic Resource

1600-065X

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

Electronic Resource

0005-2760

Buthionine sulfoximine ; Glutathione ; Malic enzyme ; Methionine

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

0003-2670

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1432-0800

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1432-0800

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Medicine

Electronic Resource

1432-1432

Prebiotic evolution ; Hypercycle ; Error threshold ; Selective properties ; Monte Carlo method ; Computer simulation

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Summary The most relevant properties of hypercycles were previously studied mainly from a theoretical point of view. We have developed a Monte Carlo method simulating hypercyclic organization to obtain information about the dynamics of this prebiotic organization. Nucleation, growth, and selective properties have been tested and the results obtained are in good agreement with those of the theoretical predictions. The influence of hypercyclic organization of the “error threshold” has also been studied. As a consequence of the emergence of a hypercycle, the value of this threshold decreases. The amount of this decrease depends on the population size. Moreover, for some interval of quality factor values, either the hypercycle organization or an error catastrophe can be produced, depending on the initial conditions. The influence of these phenomena on both the dynamic behavior and evolutionary advantages of the hypercycle, as well as their decisive roles on genome size, are discussed.

Electronic Resource

1432-1211

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Abstract The primary structure of the HLA-A2 subtype A*0204 (isoelectric focusing variant A2.A) has been determined. cDNA encoding this subtype was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Four independent full-lenght cDNA clones encoding A*0204 were analyzed to obtain a consensus sequence for this subtype. A*0204 differs from A*0201 by a single nucleotide change of G to T through the coding regions, resulting in an Arg to Met change at position 97. This substitution accounts for the isoelectric focusing pattern of the subtype. The same change occurs in other HLA-A specificities in association with other changes in its vicinity. The absence of additional substitutions in A*0204 suggests that it could have arisen from A*0201 by point mutation, and that recurrent mutations may take place during HLA diversification. The spatial location of this change implies that A*0204 must be a functional variant. Comparison of its sequence with other HLA-A2 subtypes reveals that much of the HLA-A2 subtype polymorphism is generated by variations in four neighboring positions, including position 97, which are located in two adjacent β-strands on the floor of the peptide binding site of the molecule.

Electronic Resource

1432-1211

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Biology

Medicine

Electronic Resource