Search Results - International Ophthalmology

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, Wiley, Vol. 50, No. 4 ( 2022-05), p. 374-385

Widespread adoption of modern lamellar procedures has altered the pattern of practice of corneal transplantation. Herein, we describe recent findings from the Australian Corneal Graft Registry and place these data into an international context. The total number of grafts reported to the Registry has doubled over the past decade. Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty is increasingly used for keratoconus, while endokeratoplasty has displaced penetrating keratoplasty for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy. Graft survival and visual outcomes for modern lamellar procedures have shown improvement over time. First deep anterior lamellar and penetrating grafts for keratoconus show comparable survival and long‐term best‐corrected visual acuity is equivalent. Penetrating grafts for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy exhibit significantly better survival than do endokeratoplasties, largely because the latter undergo more early graft failures. However, visual rehabilitation is swifter in surviving endokeratoplasties. Significantly fewer recipients of a deep anterior lamellar graft or endokeratoplasty require spectacle or contact lens correction, compared with penetrating keratoplasty.

Online Resource

1442-6404, 1442-9071

English

Wiley

2022

2094910-8

International Journal of Medical Education, International Journal of Medical Education, Vol. 12 ( 2021-02-26), p. 34-35

Online Resource

2042-6372

Undetermined

International Journal of Medical Education

2021

2625890-0

International Journal of Advanced Research, International Journal Of Advanced Research, Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2018-2-28), p. 1506-1517

Online Resource

2320-5407

Undetermined

International Journal Of Advanced Research

2018

2733321-8

International Journal of Ophthalmology, Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press), Vol. 14, No. 10 ( 2021-10-18), p. 1508-1517

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) modified by the LIF gene on the retinal function of diabetic model rats and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: A stably transfected cell line of hUCMSCs overexpressing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was constructed. Overexpression was verified by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Forty-eight adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A), streptozotocin-induced diabetic control group (group B), diabetic rats at 3mo injected with empty vector-transfected hUCMSCs (group C) or injected with LIF-hUCMSCs (group D). Four weeks after the intravitreal injection, analyses in all groups included retinal function using flash electroretinogram (F-ERG), retinal blood vessel examination of retinal flat mounts perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran), and retinal structure examination of sections using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression levels of adiponectin (APN), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) in each group was detected using immunohistochemistry, PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: A stable transgenic cell line of LIF-hUCMSCs was constructed. F-ERG and FITC-dextran examinations revealed no abnormalities of retinal structure and function in group A, severe damage of the retinal blood vessels and function in group B, and improved retinal structure and function in group C and especially group D. qPCR, ELISA, and Western blot analyses revealed progressively higher APN and NT-4 expression levels in groups B, C, and D than in group A. hs-CRP expression was significantly higher in group B than in groups A, C, and D, and was significantly higher in group C than in group D (P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: LIF-hUCMSCs protect the retina of diabetic rats by upregulating APN and NT-4 expression and downregulating hs-CRP expression in the retina.

Online Resource

2222-3959, 2227-4898

Undetermined

Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press)

2021

2663246-9

International Journal of Ophthalmology, Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press), Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2021-3-18), p. 430-435

AIM: To investigate and evaluate healing patterns around flaps made with different side-cut angulations after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). METHODS: Thirty-four patients (68 eyes) received a 90° side-cut (n=34) or a 120° side-cut flaps (n=34) made with a femtosecond laser. One day, 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively, side-cut scar was evaluated under slit-lamp photography according to a new grading system (Grade 0=transparent scar, 1=faint healing opacity, and 2=evident healing opacity). In vivo corneal confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) were used to observe wound-healing patterns around flap margin in the two groups. Sirius Scheimpflug Analyzer was also used to analyze higher order aberrations 3mo after surgery. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in flap wound-healing patterns at each follow up between the two groups (P 〉 0.05). Three months after surgery, the flap edge scar classified as Grade 0 had excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration. At 3 mm and 5 mm pupil diameters, there were significant differences in trefoil aberrations between the two groups (P 〈 0.05), but no statistically significant differences were found in total higher order aberrations (HOAs), spherical aberrations or coma in any of the pupil size conditions (P 〉 0.05). CONCLUSION: Flap edge scars classified as Grade 0 have excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration, and 120° side-cut angle flaps induce less trefoil aberrations after FS-LASIK.

Online Resource

2222-3959, 2227-4898

Undetermined

Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO Press)

2021

2663246-9

Journal of Ophthalmology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2015 ( 2015), p. 1-6

Purpose . To validate clinically a new method for estimating the corneal power ( P c ) using a variable keratometric index ( n k adj ) in eyes with previous laser refractive surgery. Setting . University of Alicante and Medimar International Hospital (Oftalmar), Alicante, (Spain). Design . Retrospective case series. Methods . This retrospective study comprised 62 eyes of 62 patients that had undergone myopic LASIK surgery. An algorithm for the calculation of n k adj was used for the estimation of the adjusted keratometric corneal power ( P k adj ). This value was compared with the classical keratometric corneal power ( P k ), the True Net Power (TNP), and the Gaussian corneal power ( P c Gauss ). Likewise, P k adj was compared with other previously described methods. Results . Differences between P c Gauss and P c values obtained with all methods evaluated were statistically significant ( p 〈 0.01 ). Differences between P k adj and P c Gauss were in the limit of clinical significance ( p 〈 0.01 , loA [−0.33,0.60] D). Differences between P k adj and TNP were not statistically and clinically significant ( p = 0.319 , loA [−0.50,0.44] D). Differences between P k adj and previously described methods were statistically significant ( p 〈 0.01 ), except with P c HaigisL ( p = 0.09 , loA [−0.37,0.29] D). Conclusion . The use of the adjusted keratometric index ( n k adj ) is a valid method to estimate the central corneal power in corneas with previous myopic laser refractive surgery, providing results comparable to P c HaigisL .

Online Resource

2090-004X, 2090-0058

English

Hindawi Limited

2015

2546525-9

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2005-06), p. 288-293

Professor Peter Choyce, FRCS, DOMS, MS, was one of the pioneers of intraocular lens implant surgery. He developed an interest in artificial lens implantation following cataract surgery, a procedure that was widely criticized by the ophthalmic establishment in the UK, Europe, North America and other countries. Owing to the opposition to the intraocular lenses, Peter Choyce together with Sir Harold Ridley cofounded the International Intraocular Implant Club in 1966, which was responsible for the gradual acceptance of artificial lens implantation. Peter Choyce developed several models of intraocular lens, but did not patent the majority of them. The Choyce Mark IX, manufactured by Rayner Intraocular Lenses, became the first US Food and Drug Administration‐approved intraocular lens in 1981. A review of Peter Choyce's record confirms a significant number of original innovations in the field of anterior segment surgery, including many procedures taken for granted today, but not associated with his name. These include early work on both kerato‐ and intraocular lens‐refractive procedures, keratoprosthesis, pioneering paediatric implant procedures and others. Unfortunately his tenacious adherence to anterior chamber lens technology, while in general clinically sound, caused many to question his influence and hence he remained poorly understood even until after his death. He passed away on 8 August 2001 after a long fight with colon cancer. In this article, we provide evidence and elaborate Peter Choyce's accomplishments, which places him as one of the most innovative ophthalmologist in his surgical field in the twentieth century.

Online Resource

1442-6404, 1442-9071

English

Wiley

2005

2094910-8

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, Wiley, Vol. 44, No. 2 ( 2016-03), p. 121-127

Criteria for screening preterm infants for retinopathy of prematurity vary around the world. We aimed to analyse the efficacy of alternative screening criteria. Design We collected retrospective data at a tertiary level neonatal nursery. Participants Our participants were 1007 babies, born between 1997 and 2011, at 〈 32 weeks gestational age or 〈 1500 g birth weight (as recommended by the National Health and Medical Research Council in 1996), who had completed follow‐up to full retinal vascularization, with defined presence or absence of retinopathy of prematurity. Methods We determined whether disease would be detected using an alternative Australian screening model (gestational age 〈 30 weeks or birth weight 〈 1250 g) or screening criteria utilized in developed countries with similar standards of neonatal care. Main Outcome Measures Detection of retinopathy of prematurity is our main outcome. Results Using several of the alternative criteria, two neonates with clinically significant retinopathy of prematurity, one of whom required laser treatment to preserve sight, would not have been screened, and their disease may have gone undetected. Use of 〈 30 weeks gestational age or 〈 1500 g birth weight as the criteria would still have screened these infants but would have reduced the number of infants screened by 24.9%. Conclusions Some commonly utilized international screening criteria for retinopathy of prematurity may risk clinically significant cases being missed and others may screen babies unnecessarily. Alternative criteria should be considered and ‘ 〈 30 weeks gestational age and/or 〈 1500 g birth weight’ appears a viable option.

Online Resource

1442-6404, 1442-9071

English

Wiley

2016

2094910-8

Lupus Science & Medicine, BMJ, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2020-05), p. e000395-

The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends a maximum hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dose of ≤5.0 mg/kg/day to reduce the risk of HCQ-induced retinopathy. To determine if this dose adjustment would have an impact on the clinical course of SLE, we compared outcome measures in a cohort of patients with SLE before and after adjusting HCQ dose. Methods Sixty Puerto Ricans with SLE (per 1997 American College of Rheumatology criteria) treated with HCQ who were changed to HCQ ≤5.0 mg/kg/day were studied. Visits were ascertained every 6 months for 2 years before and 2 years after HCQ dose adjustment (baseline visit). Disease activity (per Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)), SLE exacerbations, emergency room visits, hospitalisations, disease damage (per Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index), corticosteroids exposure, prednisone dose and immunosuppressive drugs exposure were determined before and after HCQ dose change. Results At baseline visit, the mean age was 43.8±15.1 years. All patients were women. The mean disease duration was 13.8±9.1 years. After HCQ dose adjustment, patients required a lower prednisone dose when compared with visits before HCQ dose reduction. No significant differences were observed for mean SLEDAI scores, lupus exacerbations, emergency room visits, hospitalisations, disease damage and exposure to immunosuppressive drugs before and after HCQ dose adjustment. Conclusions This study suggests that adjustment of daily HCQ dose to ≤5.0 mg/kg/day of actual body weight does not have a significant impact on the short-term and mid-term outcomes in this group of patients with SLE.

Online Resource

2053-8790

English

BMJ

2020

2779620-6

Kathmandu University Medical Journal, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2022-03-31), p. 43-46

Background The advancement in drug development and availability of newer drugs has improved overall health services including decrease in mortality and hospital stay. Along, it has brought negative impacts such as polypharmacy and associated adverse drug reactions and antimicrobial resistance. Drug utilization research is an essential approach to understand the drug use pattern, identify the early signs of such irrational drug use and to improve quality of drug use. Objective To study the drug utilization pattern in the Ophthalmology Outpatient department (OPD) of Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital (DH-KUH). Method A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to August 2019 in patients attending OPD of Ophthalmology in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. Prescriptions of 311 patients were analyzed using World Health Organization (WHO) International Network of Rational Use of Drug (INRUD) and additional other indices. The descriptive data was presented in mean and standard deviation. Result The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.10±1.35. Out of total 311 prescriptions, drugs prescribed in generic name were 152 (23.30%). Total antibiotics encountered were 247 (37.90%) and total drugs prescribed from National Essential Medicine List (NEML) were 371 (56.90%). Antibiotics 247 (37.90%) were the most commonly prescribed drugs followed by lubricants 146 (22.40%). Conclusion Practice of polypharmacy was very high. Most of the drugs were prescribed in brand names and antibiotics were the most frequently used drugs.

Online Resource

1812-2078, 1812-2027

Undetermined

Nepal Journals Online (JOL)

2022

2257651-4

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, Wiley, Vol. 50, No. 3 ( 2022-04), p. 303-311

To compare real‐world 24‐month outcomes of phacoemulsification combined with either iStent inject or Hydrus Microstent. Methods Analysis of data from the Fight Glaucoma Blindness (FGB) international registry. Anonymized data from 344 eyes with mild‐to‐moderate open‐angle glaucoma, normal‐tension glaucoma or ocular hypertension that underwent phacoemulsification combined with either iStent inject (224) or Hydrus Microstent (120) were included. Data were adjusted for baseline characteristics using linear regression and propensity score matching. The primary endpoint was a comparison of mean intraocular pressure (IOP) at 24 months. Results At 24 months, there was no significant difference in IOP reduction between the two groups, consistent across all analyses. The matched cohort showed iStent inject achieved 3.1 mmHg reduction and Hydrus a 2.3 mmHg reduction ( p  = 0.530) and a mean medication reduction of 1.0 for iStent inject versus 0.5 for Hydrus ( p  = 0.081). 5.4% of eyes in the iStent inject group and 7.5% of eyes in the Hydrus group required subsequent procedures to improve IOP control within 24 months. Complications were rare with no significant differences between the groups. Conclusions Twenty‐four‐month outcomes showed sustained IOP reduction with a good safety profile for both groups. There was no significant difference in IOP outcomes between the groups. There may be a small additional reduction in glaucoma medication usage following cataract surgery with iStent inject compared to Hydrus.

Online Resource

1442-6404, 1442-9071

English

Wiley

2022

2094910-8

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 8 ( 2007-11), p. 739-744

Purpose:  To report the risk factors associated with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Burmese population. Methods:  The Meiktila Eye study, a population‐based cross‐sectional study, included inhabitants 40 years of age and over from villages in the Meiktila District. Of 2481 eligible participants identified, 2076 participated in the study and sufficient examination data to diagnose glaucoma in at least one eye was obtained in 1997 participants. The ophthalmic examination included slit‐lamp examination, tonometry, gonioscopy and dilated stereoscopic fundus examination. Definitions adhered to the International Society for Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology's recommendations. Univariate and multivariate analyses of potential risk factors were performed. Results:  The overall prevalence of POAG was 2.0% (95% CI 0.9–3.1). In the univariate analysis, increasing age ( P  = 0.024), spherical equivalent ( P  = 0.01), axial length ( P  = 0.023) and intraocular pressure (IOP; P   〈  0.001) were significantly associated with POAG. And in the multivariate analysis, myopia 〈 0.5 D ( P  = 0.049), increasing age and IOP ( P   〈  0.001) were significant risk factors for POAG. Conclusion:  POAG in this Burmese population was associated with increasing age, axial myopia and IOP.

Online Resource

1442-6404, 1442-9071

English

Wiley

2007

2094910-8

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, Wiley, Vol. 49, No. 6 ( 2021-08), p. 606-614

The management of retinoblastoma is complex. With increasing treatment modalities and increasing experience with each treatment modality, the globe salvage rates have drastically improved with time. Aqueous seeding in an eye with retinoblastoma is classified as group E based on International Classification of Intraocular Retinoblastoma, and most group E eyes were enucleated a decade earlier. Newer modalities of treatment have improved the globe salvage rates in group E eyes including those with aqueous seeding. Various globe salvage treatment modalities attempted for the management of aqueous seeds include external beam radiotherapy, plaque radiotherapy, intra‐arterial chemotherapy, periocular chemotherapy, intravitreal chemotherapy and intracameral chemotherapy. Of all treatment modalities, intracameral chemotherapy holds promise for the management of aqueous seeds in selected patients, but it should be done with the utmost care by a trained ocular oncologist. Enucleation is still the preferred modality of treatment for eyes with advanced retinoblastoma and anterior segment invasion. This review focuses on the current evidence on aqueous seeding, highlighting the pathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation, treatment and outcomes.

Online Resource

1442-6404, 1442-9071

English

Wiley

2021

2094910-8

Journal of Ophthalmology, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-6

Purpose . To evaluate association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods . 195 men enrolled in this cross-sectional study. 90 of them had neovascular AMD and 105 of them were healthy volunteers. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire’s erectile function (EF) domain was used to assess ED. The patients in the study and control groups were statistically compared according to visual acuity, EF score, and body mass index. Results . The mean ages were 62 (54.5–73) and 60 (54–68), in the neovascular AMD and control groups, respectively. The total EF scores were 9 (6–16) in neovascular AMD and 18 (9.5–27) in control group. The results of IIEF questionnaire on neovascular AMD patients revealed that 85 men (94.4%) had some degree of ED, whereas 68 men (64.8%) had some degree of ED on control group. Patients with neovascular AMD had a significantly higher incidence of ED than control patients (). There was a significant association between ED and neovascular AMD (). Conclusions . Our results suggested that neovascular AMD has a high association with ED.

Online Resource

2090-004X, 2090-0058

English

Hindawi Limited

2013

2546525-9

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 11 ( 2020-06-04), p. 4029-

For decades, the unique regenerative properties of the human amniotic membrane (hAM) have been successfully utilized in ophthalmology. As a directly applied biomaterial, the hAM should be available in a ready to use manner in clinical settings. However, an extended period of time is obligatory for performing quality and safety tests. Hence, the low temperature storage of the hAM is a virtually inevitable step in the chain from donor retrieval to patient application. At the same time, the impact of subzero temperatures carries an increased risk of irreversible alterations of the structure and composition of biological objects. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the hAM as a medicinal product; this is intended for a novel strategy of application in ophthalmology requiring a GMP production protocol including double freezing–thawing cycles. We compared clinically relevant parameters, such as levels of growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins content, morphology, ultrastructure and mechanical properties, before and after one and two freezing cycles. It was found that epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hyaluronic acid, and laminin could be detected in all studied conditions without significant differences. Additionally, histological and ultrastructure analysis, as well as transparency and mechanical tests, demonstrated that properties of the hAM required to support therapeutic efficacy in ophthalmology are not impaired by dual freezing.

Online Resource

1422-0067

English

MDPI AG

2020

2019364-6

12

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Medip Academy, Vol. 6, No. 3 ( 2017-02-24), p. 653-

Background: Evaluation of the current prescription pattern of cataract patients in the Ophthalmology Department to find out utilization of drugs per prescription that reflects possibilities of drug interaction and patient compliance and to suggest measures for rational prescriptions.Methods: The study was carried out in the Ophthalmology Department at Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati for a period of 6 months after obtaining permission from the Institutional Human Ethics Committee. This was a retrospective, observational hospital based study. The present study included patients of any age group and both the sexes (male/female) who were diagnosed as having cataract and who were prescribed different categories of drugs. A total of 156 prescriptions were collected, analysed and classified during the study period (both outdoor and indoor patients).Results: Our study found that maximum numbers of patients were encountered in the age group of 45-65 years and around 48.4% of cases for IOL implantation were having immature senile cataract. Topical eye drops are most commonly used account for 56.3% in preoperative cases. Overall 564 drugs were prescribed on discharge in 156 prescriptions; So on an average 3.6 drugs were prescribed per prescription. Overall antimicrobials (51.80%) are most commonly prescribed group followed by anti-inflammatory (25.10%), anxiolytic, steroid etc.Conclusions: Our study showed a significant awareness to avoid polypharmacy by keeping average number of drugs per prescription as low as possible to avoid increased cost of the therapy, therapeutic failure, and adverse drug reactions and hence for better patient compliance.

Online Resource

2279-0780, 2319-2003

Undetermined

Medip Academy

2017

2681376-2

15,3

Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, Wiley, Vol. 46, No. 4 ( 2018-05), p. 389-399

The data may support the notion that the intra‐ocular pressure (IOP)‐related factors and vascular factors were implicated concurrently in glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Background To study the association of intraocular pressure (IOP)‐related factors, IOP, trans‐lamina cribrosa pressure difference (TLCPD), cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) and retinal vessel diameters (RVD), central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) with neuro‐retinal rim area (RA). Design A population‐based, cross‐sectional study. Participants A total of 6830 people aged 30 years and over. Methods All participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination, fundus photograph‐based measurements of RVD and Heidelberg retinal tomogram (HRT) measurement of optic disc. Main Outcome Measures RA, CRAE, CRVE, IOP, body mass index (BMI), CSFP and TLCPD. Results Primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) was diagnosed using two separate methods: 67 from expert consensus, and 125 from the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiologic Ophthalmology (ISGEO) classification. After excluding of those with high myopia or without gradable HRT images, 4194 non‐glaucoma and 40 POAG were analysed for determinants of RA. On multivariable analysis determinants of reduced RA were POAG ( P   〈  0.001), higher IOP ( P  = 0.03), higher refractive error ( P   〈  0.01), longer axial length ( P  = 0.01), CRVE ( P   〈  0.001), lower BMI ( P  = 0.015), older age ( P   〈  0.001) smaller disc area ( P   〈  0.001) and higher TLCPD ( P  = 0.03). When age and/or BMI were omitted from the model, reduced RA was also associated with lower CSFP ( P   〈  0.001). Conclusions and Relevance Reduced RA is associated with narrow CRVE and higher IOP or lower CSFP. The data supports the concurrent role of IOP‐related and vascular factors in glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

Online Resource

1442-6404, 1442-9071

English

Wiley

2018

2094910-8

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 23 ( 2021-11-29), p. 12574-

Objective: To investigate the ophthalmology workforce distribution and location stability using Modified Monash Model category of remoteness. Methods: Whole of ophthalmologist workforce analysis using Australian Health Practitioner Registration Agency (AHPRA) data. Modified Monash Model (MMM) category was mapped to postcode of primary work location over a six-year period (2014 to 2019). MMM stability was investigated using survival analysis and competing risks regression. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Australia. Participants: Ophthalmologists registered with AHPRA. Main outcome measures: Retention within MMM category of primary work location. Results: A total of 948 ophthalmologists were identified (767 males, 181 females). Survival estimates indicate 84% of ophthalmologists remained working in MMM1, while 79% of ophthalmologists working in MMM2–MMM7remained in these regions during the six-year period. Conclusion: The Australian ophthalmology workforce shows a high level of location stability and is concentrated in metropolitan areas of Australia. Investment in policy initiatives designed to train, recruit and retain ophthalmologists in regional, rural and remote areas is needed to improve workforce distribution outside of metropolitan areas.

Online Resource

1660-4601

English

MDPI AG

2021

2175195-X

International Journal of Advanced Research, International Journal Of Advanced Research, Vol. 7, No. 11 ( 2019-11-30), p. 458-469

Online Resource

2320-5407

Undetermined

International Journal Of Advanced Research

2019

2733321-8

Journal of Nepal Medical Association, Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA), Vol. 59, No. 244 ( 2021-12-11), p. 1219-1224

Introduction: Due to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2021 pandemic and lockdown, eye care services have been compromised globally. The magnitude of ocular diseases across all populations in Nepal are few and far between and rare during this pandemic. This study was aimed to find out the prevalence of ocular morbidity among patients visiting the department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital during the pandemic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients visiting thedepartment of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital from 18 August 2021 to 30 September 2021. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference: 078/079-023). Convenience sampling was done. Basic demographic data, clinical characteristics, visual status and prevalence of ocular morbidities were noted. Data entry was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: Out of 650 study subjects examined, 454 (69.8%) (66-73.0 at 95% Confidence Interval) study subjects had at least one ocular morbidity in at least one eye. Refractive error 153 (33.7%) was the commonest ocular morbidity followed by headache 52 (11.5%), dry eyes 50 (11%), non-communicable diseases related ocular morbidity 41 (9%), and age related cataract 37 (8.1%). Conclusions: The prevalence of ocular morbidity in our study was higher than findings from other similar studies done at national and international levels, though the causes of ocular morbidity was similar.

Online Resource

1815-672X, 0028-2715

Undetermined

Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA)

2021

2209910-4