Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:Z. Halpern)

2014-09-19

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Aspartame/adverse effects ; Body Weight/drug effects ; Diet, High-Fat ; Dietary Fats/pharmacology ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract/*drug effects/*microbiology ; Germ-Free Life ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucose Intolerance/*chemically induced/metabolism/*microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/chemically induced/metabolism/microbiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microbiota/*drug effects ; Saccharin/administration & dosage/adverse effects ; Sucrose/adverse effects/analogs & derivatives ; Sweetening Agents/*adverse effects ; Waist-Hip Ratio

2018-03-23

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Immunology, Physiology

1365-4632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

: Two women developed coumadin-induced skin necrosis. A 16-year-old woman sustained necrosis on the leg after a single dose of the drug, and a 59-year-old woman developed gangrene of most of her left breast.

Electronic Resource

1365-2036

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Medicine

The anticoagulants, unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin, demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in animal models and in humans. Because of its dual effects, high-dose heparin was proposed as a therapeutic modality for ulcerative colitis. We investigated whether a low dose of low-molecular-weight heparin—enoxaparin (Clexane, Rhône-Poulenc Rorer, France)—ameliorates the inflammatory response in two models of experimental colitis.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Colitis was induced in rats by intrarectal administration of dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid. Enoxaparin (40, 80 and 200 μg/kg) or unfractionated heparin (100, 200 and 400 U/kg) were administered subcutaneously immediately after the induction of damage. Enoxaparin, 80 μg/kg, was also administered after induction of colitis by intrarectal administration of iodoacetamide. Rats were sacrificed 1, 3 or 7 days after induction of injury. Colonic damage was assessed macroscopically and histologically. Mucosal prostaglandin E2 generation, myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide synthase activities and tumour necrosis factor-α levels in blood were determined.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Enoxaparin and heparin significantly ameliorated the severity of dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid- and iodoacetamide-induced colitis as demonstrated by a decrease in mucosal lesion area, colonic weight and mucosal myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide synthase activities. The dose–response curve had a bell-shaped configuration: enoxaparin, 80 μg/kg, and unfractionated heparin, 200 U/kg, were the optimal doses.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Low-dose enoxaparin and unfractionated heparin ameliorate the severity of experimental colitis. This effect is related to their anti-inflammatory rather than anticoagulant properties.

Electronic Resource

0005-2760

(Bile) ; (Phospholipid vesicle) ; Cholesterol ; Nucleation

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

0014-5793

Cholesterol precipitation ; Gallstone ; Lipid peroxidation

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Physics

Electronic Resource

1432-2218

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy ; Open cholecystectomy ; Conversion ; Males ; Females

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Background: Based on a clinical observation that the conversion rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to open cholecystectomy (OC) is higher in males, we decided to review our records and to verify whether a significant difference in conversion rates exists between sexes. Methods: A retrospective study on conversion rates of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) into open cholecystectomy (LC) in relation to gender was carried out in 329 patients: 267 females and 62 males. Results: Our data revealed that the probability of conversion is fivefold greater in males than females, 21% vs 4.5%, respectively (p=0.0001). We attribute this striking difference to significantly more adhesions (p=0.0002) and anatomical difficulties (p=0.003) in males during LC, leading to conversion. Conclusions: We conclude that conversion of LC to OC is more prevalent among males and is probably attributable to a greater incidence of anatomical difficulties.

Electronic Resource

1432-2218

Key words: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy — Open cholecystectomy — Conversion — Males — Females

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Background: Based on a clinical observation that the conversion rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to open cholecystectomy (OC) is higher in males, we decided to review our records and to verify whether a significant difference in conversion rates exists between sexes. Methods: A retrospective study on conversion rates of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) into open cholecystectomy (LC) in relation to gender was carried out in 329 patients: 267 females and 62 males. Results: Our data revealed that the probability of conversion is fivefold greater in males than females, 21% vs 4.5%, respectively (p= 0.0001). We attribute this striking difference to significantly more adhesions p= 0.0002) and anatomical difficulties (p= 0.003) in males during LC, leading to conversion. Conclusions: We conclude that conversion of LC to OC is more prevalent among males and is probably attributable to a greater incidence of anatomical difficulties.

Electronic Resource

1432-2218

Spilled gallstone ; Peritoneum ; Rat model

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract Gallstones are occasionally spilled into the peritoneal cavity during open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Using the rat model, we investigated the long term effect of such retained intraperitoneal gallstones. During a follow-up period of one year, no systemic deleterious outcome could be attributed to the presence of the implanted gallstones except for mild local effects. Based on the rat model we conclude that reasonable effort should be made in order to retrieve an escaped gallstone, but there is no justification whatsoever for a conversion of the laparoscopic procedure to an open laparotomy only for the purpose of retrieving a lost stone.

Electronic Resource

1573-2568

hepatitis ; iron ; hemochromatosis ; HCV ; HBV ; chronic liver disease

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract One hundred twenty-three patients with chronic liver diseases of various etiologies were evaluated for their iron status. The patients were divided into four distinct groups: chronic hepatitis C (63), chronic hepatitis B (14), B + C (3) and nonviral chronic liver diseases (43). In 107 patients (87%) the chronic liver disease was confirmed by biopsy. Mean serum iron (±sd) levels in the above four groups were: 166 ± 62, 103 ± 52, 142 ± 48, and 115 µg/dl; iron-binding capacity was 346 ± 80, 325 ± 72, 297 ± 27, and 374 ± 75 µg/dl, and iron saturation 50 ± 18, 32 ± 16, 48 ± 16, and 28 ± 10%, respectively. Serum ferritin, increased in all four groups, was highest in HCV; however, no evidence of hepatic iron accumulation could be found in any of the patients. There were no significant differences in liver function parameters measured in the four groups. We conclude that serum iron, iron saturation, and ferritin are increased in patients with hepatitis C in comparison to hepatitis B or other nonviral, nonhemochromatotic liver diseases. The increased iron status in hepatitis C patients is not manifested by increased liver iron. Awareness of these distinct features of chronic hepatitis C is essential in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver diseases.

Electronic Resource

1573-2568

upper dorsal sympathectomy ; esophagus ; motility ; manometry

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract To evaluate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in modulating esophageal motility, esophageal manometry was performed on two groups of patients who underwent upper dorsal sympathectomy for relief of palmar hyperhydrosis. In six patients sympathectomy was done by the supraclaviçular approach, with removal of T2 and T3 ganglia. Manometry was performed before the operation and three weeks after it. In seven other patients sympathectomy was done by the axillary approach, with removal of T2–T4 ganglia. Manometry in this group was performed 28.4±22.4 months after the operation. Fifteen individuals with an intact sympathetic system served as controls. Manometric parameters evaluated were esophageal contraction amplitude and duration and lower esophageal sphincter pressure. The difference between the results obtained in the pre- and postoperative periods in the first group was not statistically significant. The differences between the two patient groups and between the patient groups and the control group were not statistically significant either. We conclude that upper dorsal sympathectomy does not affect esophageal motility in man.

Electronic Resource