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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressW. F. Laurance ; D. C. Useche ; J. Rendeiro ; M. Kalka ; C. J. Bradshaw ; S. P. Sloan ; S. G. Laurance ; M. Campbell ; K. Abernethy ; P. Alvarez ; V. Arroyo-Rodriguez ; P. Ashton ; J. Benitez-Malvido ; A. Blom ; K. S. Bobo ; C. H. Cannon ; M. Cao ; R. Carroll ; C. Chapman ; R. Coates ; M. Cords ; F. Danielsen ; B. De Dijn ; E. Dinerstein ; M. A. Donnelly ; D. Edwards ; F. Edwards ; N. Farwig ; P. Fashing ; P. M. Forget ; M. Foster ; G. Gale ; D. Harris ; R. Harrison ; J. Hart ; S. Karpanty ; W. J. Kress ; J. Krishnaswamy ; W. Logsdon ; J. Lovett ; W. Magnusson ; F. Maisels ; A. R. Marshall ; D. McClearn ; D. Mudappa ; M. R. Nielsen ; R. Pearson ; N. Pitman ; J. van der Ploeg ; A. Plumptre ; J. Poulsen ; M. Quesada ; H. Rainey ; D. Robinson ; C. Roetgers ; F. Rovero ; F. Scatena ; C. Schulze ; D. Sheil ; T. Struhsaker ; J. Terborgh ; D. Thomas ; R. Timm ; J. N. Urbina-Cardona ; K. Vasudevan ; S. J. Wright ; G. J. Arias ; L. Arroyo ; M. Ashton ; P. Auzel ; D. Babaasa ; F. Babweteera ; P. Baker ; O. Banki ; M. Bass ; I. Bila-Isia ; S. Blake ; W. Brockelman ; N. Brokaw ; C. A. Bruhl ; S. Bunyavejchewin ; J. T. Chao ; J. Chave ; R. Chellam ; C. J. Clark ; J. Clavijo ; R. Congdon ; R. Corlett ; H. S. Dattaraja ; C. Dave ; G. Davies ; M. Beisiegel Bde ; N. da Silva Rde ; A. Di Fiore ; A. Diesmos ; R. Dirzo ; D. Doran-Sheehy ; M. Eaton ; L. Emmons ; A. Estrada ; C. Ewango ; L. Fedigan ; F. Feer ; B. Fruth ; J. G. Willis ; U. Goodale ; S. Goodman ; J. C. Guix ; P. Guthiga ; W. Haber ; K. Hamer ; I. Herbinger ; J. Hill ; Z. Huang ; I. F. Sun ; K. Ickes ; A. Itoh ; N. Ivanauskas ; B. Jackes ; J. Janovec ; D. Janzen ; M. Jiangming ; C. Jin ; T. Jones ; H. Justiniano ; E. Kalko ; A. Kasangaki ; T. Killeen ; H. B. King ; E. Klop ; C. Knott ; I. Kone ; E. Kudavidanage ; J. L. Ribeiro ; J. Lattke ; R. Laval ; R. Lawton ; M. Leal ; M. Leighton ; M. Lentino ; C. Leonel ; J. Lindsell ; L. Ling-Ling ; K. E. Linsenmair ; E. Losos ; A. Lugo ; J. Lwanga ; A. L. Mack ; M. Martins ; W. S. McGraw ; R. McNab ; L. Montag ; J. M. Thompson ; J. Nabe-Nielsen ; M. Nakagawa ; S. Nepal ; M. Norconk ; V. Novotny ; S. O'Donnell ; M. Opiang ; P. Ouboter ; K. Parker ; N. Parthasarathy ; K. Pisciotta ; D. Prawiradilaga ; C. Pringle ; S. Rajathurai ; U. Reichard ; G. Reinartz ; K. Renton ; G. Reynolds ; V. Reynolds ; E. Riley ; M. O. Rodel ; J. Rothman ; P. Round ; S. Sakai ; T. Sanaiotti ; T. Savini ; G. Schaab ; J. Seidensticker ; A. Siaka ; M. R. Silman ; T. B. Smith ; S. S. de Almeida ; N. Sodhi ; C. Stanford ; K. Stewart ; E. Stokes ; K. E. Stoner ; R. Sukumar ; M. Surbeck ; M. Tobler ; T. Tscharntke ; A. Turkalo ; G. Umapathy ; M. van Weerd ; J. V. Rivera ; M. Venkataraman ; L. Venn ; C. Verea ; C. V. de Castilho ; M. Waltert ; B. Wang ; D. Watts ; W. Weber ; P. West ; D. Whitacre ; K. Whitney ; D. Wilkie ; S. Williams ; D. D. Wright ; P. Wright ; L. Xiankai ; P. Yonzon ; F. Zamzani
Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
Published 2012Staff ViewPublication Date: 2012-07-27Publisher: Nature Publishing Group (NPG)Print ISSN: 0028-0836Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Agriculture/statistics & numerical data ; Animals ; *Biodiversity ; Conservation of Natural Resources/*statistics & numerical data ; Data Collection ; Ecology/statistics & numerical data ; Endangered Species/*statistics & numerical data ; Environmental Pollution/adverse effects/statistics & numerical data ; Fires/statistics & numerical data ; Forestry/statistics & numerical data ; Interviews as Topic ; Mining/statistics & numerical data ; Population Growth ; Rain ; Reproducibility of Results ; Research Personnel ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Temperature ; Trees/*physiology ; *Tropical ClimatePublished by: -
2Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0003-3472Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 0003-3472Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002Topics: BiologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-9098Keywords: Foraging ; reliability ; task performance ; waspsSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Summary Foragers of the neotropical swarm-founding waspPolybia occidentalis showed improved task performance, as indicated by foraging success rate, with foraging age. Foragers also spent significantly more time in the field on foraging trips as they aged, while foraging rate did not change with age. These patterns were not explained by directional changes in resource availability or colony need over time. We compare these results to earlier findings on changes in task performance with experience in social insect foragers, and suggest that increases in forager persistence in the field explain improved foraging success with experience.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-908XSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract The extravasation of plasma proteins and formation of interendothelial gaps in submucosal microvessels by mucosally-applied bradykinin (BK), were studied in the rat trachea. The effects of topical and systemic (s.c.) glucocorticoid budesonide (BUD) were investigated in the presence or absence of inhibitors of BK-degradive enzymes (captopril and thiorphan 10 μM to inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and neutral endopeptidase (NEP), respectively). Inhibition of these enzymes markedly increased the inflammatory responses to BK. Topical BUD (3 μM, 10 min contact, 90 min before BK) significantly decreased the volume of plasma in the tracheal lumen, both in the absence and presence of the enzyme inhibitors. Thus, the main anti-transudation mechanism of topical BUD is not related to modulation of BK-breakdown. However, this may be the mechanism for systemic BUD. Neither topical nor systemic BUD prevented interendothelial gap formation.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-9098Keywords: Behavioral control ; behavioral development ; contingency ; life spanSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Summary We studied the effects of intrinsic colony characteristics and an imposed contingency on the life span and behavior of foragers in the swarm-founding social waspPolybia occidentalis. Data were collected on marked, known-age workers introduced into four observation colonies. To test the hypothesis that colony demographic features affect worker life span, we examined the relationships of colony age and size with worker life span using survivorship analysis. Colony age and size had positive relationships with life span; marked workers from two larger, older colonies had longer life spans (¯X = 24.7 days) than those from two smaller, younger colonies (¯X = 20.1 days). We quantified the effects of experimentally imposed nest damage on forager behavior, to determine which of three predicted behavioral responses by foragers to this contingency (increased probability of foraging for building material, increased rate of foraging, or decrease in age of onset of foraging) would be employed. Increasing the colony level of need for materials used in nest construction (wood pulp and water) by damaging the nests of two colonies did not cause an increase in either the proportion of marked workers that gathered nest materials or in foraging rates of marked individuals, when compared with introduced workers in two simultaneously observed control colonies. Instead, nest damage caused a decrease in the age at which marked workers first foraged for pulp and water. The response to an increase in the need for building materials was an acceleration of behavioral development in some workers.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-9098Keywords: Foraging ; polyethism ; specialization ; task partitioningSource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract Polyethism was quantified in post-emergence colonies of the primitively eusocial wasp,Polistes instabilis, and compared to polyethism in a sympatric advanced eusocial wasp,Polybia occidentalis. Like P.occidentalis, P. instabilis foragers collected food (nectar and prey) and nest materials (wood pulp and water).P. instabilis foragers showed some evidence of specialization with respect to which materials they gathered, but most foragers, divided their effort among food and nest materials, a pattern that is rarely seen inP. occidentalis. In colonies of both species, more foragers collected nectar than any other material; in contrast, most water foraging was performed by one or two workers. Upon returning to the nest,P. instabilis foragers gave up part or all of most nectar, prey, and pulp loads to nestmates, while water was rarely partitioned. Prey loads were most likely to be given up entirely.P. instabilis workers show evidence of conflict over the handling of materials at the nest. The frequency with which workers took portions of nectar loads from forgers was positively correlated with their frequency of aggressive dominant behavior, and with their frequency of taking other foraged materials. Compared to polyethism inP. occidentalis P. instabilis showed less individual specialization on foraging tasks and less partitioning of foraged materials with nestmates, suggesting that these characteristics of polyethism have been modified during the evolution of advanced insect societies.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-9098Keywords: Key words: Brood care, colony age, demography, foraging, polyethism, thermoregulation.Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Summary: We quantified the relationships of colony-level factors (number of workers and colony age) with task performance by workers of the bumble bee Bombus bifarius. Worker's age of first foraging decreased as their colonies aged, which may have caused the observed decrease in worker longevity with colony age. Daily variation in colony nectar foraging rates was related to the number of active foragers, while pollen foraging rates corresponded more strongly with variation in numbers of adult workers. Rates of brood care behavior decreased as the colonies aged, but rates of thermoregulatory behavior (incubation and fanning) did not decrease over time. We conclude that rates of performing some tasks (pollen foraging, brood care) were largely determined by changes in colony demography or correlated variables, while rates of performance of other tasks (nectar foraging, thermoregulation) depended more on external environmental conditions. Most workers switched between two foraging tasks (pollen and nectar collection) and among several in-nest tasks. However, some foragers specialized by focusing their effort on either nectar or pollen. Other workers specialized on in-nest tasks by performing thermoregulatory behavior (incubation and fanning) at significantly higher rates than their nestmates. The task specialists contributed disproportionate amounts of labor to their colonies. Task specialization indicates that workers were not identical in their responses to variation in colony need.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1420-9071Keywords: Divison of labor ; Polybia occidentalis ; Hymenoptera ; Vespidae ; age polyethism ; lipid content ; colony efficiencySource: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyMedicineNotes: Abstract Recent models of energetically efficient division of labor in eusocial insects predict that risky tasks will be performed by workers with low nutrient content. We measured changes in workers' nutrient stores (chloroform: methanol extractable lipids) in relation to age-based division of labor in the eusocial waspPolybia occidentalis to test this prediction. Distributions of age of first performance differed among task sets; tasks at increasing distance from the nest interior were performed later in life. However, individuals varied in the rate of passage through the task sequence. Weight of extractable lipids, corrected for differences in body weight, decreased with time elapsed since first performance of tasks outside the nest. Lipid content had a weaker negative relationship with adult age. Therefore, patterns of lipid decrease reflected individual differences in age polyethism. Age-based division of labor, with performance of risky tasks delayed until late in life by workers with depleted nutrient stores, may have evolved as an energy saving mechanism for insect colonies.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-0762Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Summary We measured patterns of individual forager specialization and colony-wide rates of material input during periods of response to experimental nest damage and during control periods in three colonies of the tropical social wasp Polybia occidentalis. (1) Most foragers specialized on gathering a single material. While active, foragers rarely switched materials, and most switching that did occur was between functionally related materials — prey and nectar (food materials) or wood pulp and water (nest materials). (2) Individuals differed greatly in activity level, here expressed as rate of foraging. Workers that foraged at high rates specialized on a single material in almost all cases. Specialized, highly active foragers comprised a minority (about 33%) of the working foragers in each colony, yet provided most of the material input. (3) Individual wasps that responded to experimental nest damage by foraging for nest materials did not gather food on days preceding or following manipulation. (4) On the colony level, nectar and prey foraging rates were not affected by foraging effort allocated to nest repair within days, or when comparing control days with days when damage was imposed. The emergency foraging response to nest damage in P. occidentalis did not depend on effort recruited away from food foraging.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: