Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. Farrell)

2015-11-10

Nature Publishing Group (NPG)

0028-0836

1476-4687

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Allosteric Regulation/drug effects ; Allosteric Site ; Animals ; Anti-Anxiety Agents/analysis/chemistry/metabolism/pharmacology ; Benzyl Alcohols/analysis/*chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Conditioning, Classical ; *Drug Discovery ; Fear ; Female ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Ligands ; Lorazepam/analysis/*chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Models, Molecular ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/deficiency/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Triazines/analysis/*chemistry/metabolism/*pharmacology

2012-07-07

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

2018-08-10

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Development, Medicine, Diseases

0022-4545

Psychology

Sociology

0005-2760

(Mouse) ; Acetyl incorporation ; Acetyl-l-carnitine ; Carnitine acyltransferase ; Metabolic pathway

Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Medicine

Physics

Electronic Resource

1749-6632

Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Natural Sciences in General

Electronic Resource

1433-3023

Bethanechol chloride ; Catheter management ; Postoperative indwelling catheterization

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract A randomized trial of two postoperative suprapubic catheter clamping protocols was undertaken to compare their effect on the duration of both postoperative indwelling catheter time and hospital stay. In addition, patients were given either bethanechol chloride or placebo in a double-blind fashion to test the proposal that the use of bethanechol chloride would enhance return of bladder function and shorten postoperative catheter time. Forty-nine patients who underwent an anterior repair, Burch colposuspension or Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz (MMK) procedure were preoperatively randomized to one of two catheter clamping protocols. Protocol I involved a continuous clamping regimen with residuals measured with each void. Protocol II involved an intermittent clamping (‘bladder training’) regimen with residuals measured at specified intervals while the catheter was in place. Each patient received either bethanechol chloride or placebo in identical capsules. Protocol I significantly shortened the duration of postoperative catheterization (P〈0.01). The use of bethanechol chloride prolonged the duration of catheterization in Protocol I patients and made no difference in Protocol II patients. We would recommend our simplified catheter protocol and the avoidance of bethanechol chloride in the management of indwelling catheters after surgery for urinary incontinence.

Electronic Resource

1433-3023

Outcomes ; Surgery ; Therapeutic index ; Urinary incontinence

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The pharmacological concept of therapeutic index can be applied to surgery for stress incontinence to obtain an objective prediction of surgical outcome. The rationale and mechanics of its application to surgery are discussed in this article. The conclusions support current clinical trends which favor discarding the anterior repair and needle suspension procedures as first-line surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence in favor of the retropubic procedures. Suburethral sling procedures should be, as now, reserved for second-line surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence.

Electronic Resource

1433-3023

Sitting position ; Urethral closure pressure profile

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the sensitivity for urodynamic abnormalities of both static and dynamic urethral closure pressure profiles done in the sitting and standing positions. Multichannel urethral closure pressure profilometry (UCPP) was performed on 21 patients complaining of stress incontinence. Two clinical groups were identified, those with mild to moderate and those with severe incontinence. The parameters of both the static and the dynamic UCPPs obtained in the sitting and standing positions were compared for sensitivity to urodynamic abnormalities. Non-parametric statistical methods were used (Wilcoxon signed rank test; Mann-Whitney test.) No statistically significant differences were found in the mean maximum urethral closure pressures (MUCPs) in the two positions. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of severe incontinence had decreased MUCPs in both positions. It was therefore concluded that the urethral closure pressure profile may be measured in the sitting position without compromising the results.

Electronic Resource

1433-3023

Detrusor instability ; urethral pressure variation

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The purposes of this study were to confirm previously described patterns of urethral pressure variation and to establish criteria for their diagnosis. The effect of urethral pressure variation on detrusor activity was also examined. The study involved a retrospective review of the computerized cystometric tracings from a 26-month period. Forty-one patients had artefact-free satisfactory tracings demonstrating urethral pressure variation, detrusor instability and/or gradual detrusor pressure increase. These tracings were stored on a computer program which permitted real-time second-by-second review. Statistical analysis was done using Fisher's exact test and an independentt-test. Three patterns of urethral pressure variation were identified: rapid pressure variation (RPV), gradual pressure variation (GPV) and stress-induced transient urethral relaxation (SITUR). RPV was associated with onset at low bladder volumes (independentt-test,P=0.02) and with detrusor instability (Fisher's exact test,P〈0.001). GPV began at high bladder volumes (Fisher's exact test,P〈0.001). SITUR was not associated with any specific pattern of urethral pressure variation or detrusor pressure change. Analysis of tracings of the patients with a combination of rapid urethral pressure variation and detrusor instability revealed a statistically significant increased frequency of urethral relaxation as the primary event precipitating an unstable detrusor contraction (Fisher's exact test,P〈0.003). In conclusion, three different patterns of urethral pressure variation were identified. Rapid pattern urethral pressure variation is closely associated with detrusor instability. Further study of urethral pressure variation may help to elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanism responsible for idiopathic unstable detrusor contractions.

Electronic Resource

1619-1560

Finapres ; non-invasive blood pressure ; beta-adrenoceptor

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract The blood pressure waveform is modified on distal propagation by phenomena such as dispersion, reflection and the state of the arterial compliance. The consequent effects are amplification and narrowing of the wave, with an increased systolic, reduced diastolic and essentially unaltered mean blood pressure. The Finapres measures the peripheral pressure using the volume clamp principle; it has not been validated under altered physiological conditions and during pharmacodynamic interventions. We studied simultaneous Finapres and brachial blood pressures (using a conventional oscillometric sphygmomanometer—Vitalmap) in ten normal volunteers at rest, and during dynamic exercise and a cold pressor test. The effects of pharmacodynamic intervention were examined following beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol (160 mg) or beta-adrenoceptor modulation with the beta-adrenoceptor partial agonist celiprolol (400 mg). The Finapres systolic pressure was significantly higher than the brachial value during all three test states. The difference between the systolic pressures measured by the two devices was shown to increase significantly during the cold pressor test, but not during dynamic (supine bicycle) exercise. The Finapres diastolic pressure was significantly higher than the Vitalmap value during exercise and the cold pressor test. The differences between the two methods increased significantly over time. Beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol or modulation with celiprolol had no significant interaction with the pressure differences between the Finapres and Vitalmap techniques. The results would support the view that the Finapres can provide blood pressure information which is robust under most circumstances. Although this pharmacodynamic intervention did not alter the relationship between the peripheral and central blood pressure, it is important to note that this dynamic relationship is sensitive to circulatory loading conditions and wave transmission characteristics; it is possible that the Finapres could be less reliable in clinical settings where potent vasoactive agents were being administered.

Electronic Resource

1433-3023

Key words: Procidentia – Sigmoidocele – Surgery

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract: Sigmoidocele is an uncommon accompaniment of pelvic prolapse. It is difficult to detect a sigmoidocele during clinical pelvic examination, and as a consequence a sigmoidocele may be unexpectedly encountered during vaginal repair of pelvic prolapse. The author has discovered and repaired a sigmoidocele during vaginal surgery in 4 patients with either complete procidentia or vaginal vault eversion. The procedure involves a modification of the bilateral sacrospinous vaginal vault fixation using two additional sutures to suspend the sigmoid colon from the sacrospinous ligament. Clinical and functional results have been excellent. This is the first description of a vaginal approach to the repair of a sigmoidocele.

Electronic Resource

1573-3289

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Psychology

Abstract The allocation of resources for community mental health services (CMHS) should rely on the assessment of client need. Recent emphasis on cost concerns has given further emphasis to allocation decisions. This paper examines the impact of client need scores in the allocation of resources for CMHS in Massachusetts. A mean per capita spending for CMHS was completed for the forty catchment areas in the state; and areas were categorized based on need score. Results of an analysis of variance indicated no significant difference in allocation between groups relative to client need. The impact of other variables on allocation was discussed.

Electronic Resource