Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:S. A. Plotkin)

2013-06-01

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage ; Animals ; Antigens/genetics/immunology/isolation & purification ; *Communicable Disease Control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control ; Vaccines/administration & dosage/*immunology

2018-07-18

The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

0022-538X

1098-5514

Medicine

2018-03-15

The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

0022-538X

1098-5514

Medicine

2018-01-19

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

0036-8075

1095-9203

Biology

Chemistry and Pharmacology

Geosciences

Computer Science

Medicine

Natural Sciences in General

Physics

1432-8798

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Rubella virus infection of human diploid cells did not result in an ordinary cytopathic effect, but several kinds of human diploid cell strains (HDCS) responded to infection by ceasing to multiply. Inhibition occurred quickly (most lung strains), or after many weeks (skin and pharyngeal mucosa strains). HDCS could be classified according to their response. The response of lung cell strains was strictly related to thein vitro age of the strains at the time of infection. Older strains stopped multiplying several times more quickly than younger ones. The relationship was not found for HDCS of other organ and tissue origins. Pericardial cell strains possessed large amounts of acid phosphatase-containing granules in a small proportion of the cells. During chronic rubella infection, histochemical activity of the enzyme decreased. The chromosomes of chronically infected skin, lung, pharyngeal mucosa and pericardial strains, infected up to 17 cell generations earlier, showed a mild but definite increase in achromatic gaps and breaks. No evidence of cell transformation or induction of neoplastic changes was found in HDCS which had been actively dividing for up to 27 weeks while infected with rubella.

Electronic Resource

1432-8798

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Observations upon the growth of four strains of rubella virus in human diploid cell strains (HDCS) are reported. Sixtythree cell strains, derived from 29 fetuses by means of an organ culture technique, were studied. All HDCS tested were susceptible to rubella virus, and a chronic infection could be established readily in them. The virus multiplied and was continuously produced at a low level for a maximum of 27 weeks while cell subcultivation proceeded normally. Stationary cell populations produced virus for at least 30 weeks. Experiments to define the growth curves of rubella virus were performed in skin and lung cell strains. Strains of lung cell origin yielded greater amounts of virus than skin cell strains. Both growth curve and chronic infection experiments showed that a maximum of approximately 30% of the cells were infected at any given time. Pharyngeal mucosa cells were stored for three months in the frozen state while chronically infected with rubella. Their life history and virus yield after resuscitation did not differ from unfrozen cells.

Electronic Resource

1432-8798

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Summary Aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of cellular DNA polymerase α and of viral DNA polymerase, inhibits production of infectious virus and cellular and viral DNA synthesis of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-infected cells. On the other hand, 2′, 3′-dideoxynucleosides, inhibitors of DNA polymerases β and γ, do not affect HCMV replication. The data show that the α DNA polymerases of either viral or cellular origin are required for viral DNA synthesis, and cannot be substituted by the cellular DNA polymerase β and γ.

Electronic Resource

1439-0973

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Zusammensetzung Wir haben nachgewiesen, daß neugeborene Mäuse oral mit Herpes simplex-Virus Typ 2 infiziert werden können. Bei unseren Mäusen trat keine transplazentäre oder transvaginale Übertragung des Herpes simplex-Virus Typ 2 auf. Das Ausbleiben einer natürlichen transvaginalen Infizierung bei Mäusen läßt sich durch die relativ kurze Expositionszeit gegenüber dem Virus während des Geburtsvorgangs erklären. Diese Versuche zeigen, daß hohe orale Dosen von Herpes simplex-Virus Typ 2 bei Mäusen eine disseminierte Neonatalinfektion bewirken können und diese Versuche daher bei künftigen Untersuchungen des Mechanismus und der Behandlung dieser Krankheit möglicherweise von Nutzen sind.

Summary We have demonstrated that newborn mice can be infected orally with herpes simplex virus type 2. Transplacental and transvaginal transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 did not occur in our mice. Failure to produce natural transvaginal infection in mice may be explained by the relatively short period of exposure to the virus during parturition. These experiments demonstrate that high oral doses of herpes simplex virus type 2 can produce disseminate herpes neonatal infection in mice and therefore may be useful in future investigations into the mechanism and the treatment of this disease.

Electronic Resource

1435-4373

Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Medicine

Abstract  To assess the incidence of Lyme borreliosis in Central Europe, a 12-month, prospective, population-based surveillance study of Lyme borreliosis was conducted in the Würzburg region of central Germany, following an aggressive awareness campaign. The diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis required the presence of (i) erythema migrans (diameter ≥5 cm); (ii) lymphocytoma; or (iii) another specific manifestation including Lyme arthritis, neuroborreliosis, carditis or acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans in conjunction with serological confirmation. A total of 313 cases of Lyme borreliosis was diagnosed, giving an incidence of 111 cases/100 000 inhabitants, the highest rates occurring in children and elderly adults living in wooded as opposed to agricultural areas. The incidence in city dwellers and inhabitants of rural areas was not significantly different. Erythema migrans was the only manifestation in 279 (89%) patients. Of the 34 patients with manifestations other than erythema migrans alone, 15 had arthritis, nine neuroborreliosis, six lymphocytoma, four acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and one carditis. Children were more likely than adults to have manifestations other than erythema migrans alone. Lyme borreliosis was very common in central Germany, and one of the most frequent bacterial infections. The observation of more cases of arthritis than neuroborreliosis was similar to that in the USA. These results may be representative for many parts of central Europe and suggest the need for development of a vaccine against borreliosis caused by European strains of Borrelia species.

Electronic Resource