Search Results - (Author, Cooperation:R. Colwell)
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1Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressS. Lax ; D. P. Smith ; J. Hampton-Marcell ; S. M. Owens ; K. M. Handley ; N. M. Scott ; S. M. Gibbons ; P. Larsen ; B. D. Shogan ; S. Weiss ; J. L. Metcalf ; L. K. Ursell ; Y. Vazquez-Baeza ; W. Van Treuren ; N. A. Hasan ; M. K. Gibson ; R. Colwell ; G. Dantas ; R. Knight ; J. A. Gilbert
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2014Staff ViewPublication Date: 2014-08-30Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Animals ; Bacteria/*classification/genetics/pathogenicity ; Beds/microbiology ; *Family ; Floors and Floorcoverings ; Foot/microbiology ; Hand/microbiology ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; *Household Articles ; Humans ; Metagenome ; Microbiota/genetics/*physiology ; Nose/microbiology ; Pets/microbiology ; Surface PropertiesPublished by: -
2Latest Papers from Table of Contents or Articles in PressRangel, T. F., Edwards, N. R., Holden, P. B., Diniz-Filho, J. A. F., Gosling, W. D., Coelho, M. T. P., Cassemiro, F. A. S., Rahbek, C., Colwell, R. K.
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published 2018Staff ViewPublication Date: 2018-07-20Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Print ISSN: 0036-8075Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyGeosciencesComputer ScienceMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsKeywords: Ecology, Evolution, Online OnlyPublished by: -
3Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1471-4159Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: MedicineNotes: Abstract— Seven-day-old rats were injected intraperitoneally with l-phenylalanine (1 g/kg) and the time course of brain polyribosome disaggregation and changes in brain levels of phenylalanine, tryptophan and tyrosine were determined. Disaggregation of brain polyribosomes preceded the increase in levels of phenylalanine in brain, and followed the same time course as depletion of tryptophan from brain.The effects of several metabolites of phenylalanine (which are formed in phenylketonuria) on protein synthesis in vitro was determined for brain and liver systems. None of the compounds tested was inhibitory at concentrations below 10 mM and in all cases hepatic protein synthesis was more sensitive to inhibition than was the corresponding system from brain.Ribosomal dimers, formed in brain after injection of phenylalanine, were incapable of supporting high levels of protein synthesis in vitro, a finding that suggested that the inhibition of protein synthesis in vitro in cell-free systems of brain tissue after injection of phenylalanine into young rats was mediated by disaggregation of brain polyribosomes associated with tryptophan deficiency in brain.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
4Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1365-2761Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyMedicineNotes: Abstract. A disease of cultured juvenile European oyster, Ostrea edulis, and American oysters, Crassostrea virginica, was characterized by infection of conchiolinous ligament and periostracum by surface-coating Vibrio spp. bacteria. A similar bacterium was isolated from diseased cultured hard clams, Mercenaria mercenaria, held in a facility about 300 km distance from the oyster hatcheries. The oysters demonstrated fragile, undercalcified peripheral shell and apparently excessive chalky deposits. Histological and scanning electron microscopical examination revealed that the oysters' eroded ligaments and perforated peripheral periostracum were infected with uniform rod-shaped bacteria. The infection appeared to interfere with normal proteinaceous and calcareous shell deposition and possibly with normal ligament function. Histological examination of the digestive system organs suggested that normal digestive processes were also interrupted. Two predominant bacteria were isolated from oyster samples and one predominant bacterium was isolated from clam samples. One of the isolates from oyster culture facilities was found almost exclusively associated with oyster shell surfaces and culture tank surfaces, this isolate was similar to the one taken from clam shell surfaces. The other predominant bacterium was found in water column samples in oyster culture facilities at levels from about 105 to 107 per ml. This isolate had a DNA base ratio (moles % G + C) of 43.6; the two surface-associated isolates had base ratios of 43.6 and 44.5%. These Gram-negative, oxidase positive, fermentive rods have been identified as a Vibrio spp. group. Specific antibody was produced which differentiated these bacteria from each other and from other similar isolates. Practical procedures for controlling the bacteria in shellfish culture systems are described.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
5Articles: DFG German National LicensesGRIMES, D. J. ; BURGESS, J. ; CRUNKLETON, J. A. ; BRAYTON, P. R. ; COLWELL, R. R.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1989Staff ViewISSN: 1365-2761Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: BiologyMedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
6Articles: DFG German National LicensesHussong, D. ; Colwell, R. R. ; O'Brien, M. ; Weiss, E. ; Pearson, A. D. ; Weiner, R. M. ; Burge, W. D.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
Published 1987Staff ViewISSN: 1546-1696Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyNotes: [Auszug] Detection and monitoring of genetically engineered microorganisms released to the environment, as well as pathogens, are primary factors in risk assessment. Culture methods have been proposed for both detection and monitoring. However, microorganisms in natural systems may not always be culturable. ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
7Articles: DFG German National LicensesWALKER, J. D. ; COLWELL, R. R. ; VAITUZIS, Z. ; MEYER, S. A.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1975Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Routine environmental parameters measured during April and May 1973 and 1974 yielded similar data for both years: air temperature 18-21 C; dissolved oxygen, 9-12 p.p.m.; water temperature, 12-17 C; pH 7-8, and salinity, 6-8 %0. The unusual organism was isolated at a time of year when significant ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
8Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] Hill2 carried out an electro-taxonomic analysis of the Staphylococci and determined Staphylococcus aureus, S. saprophyticus, and 8. roseus to be natural groups, whereas S. lactis and S. afermentans were not, since individual strains of these 'species' proved to be as different from each other as ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
9Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] (1) Two conducting wires or rods about five feet in length are stretched in a wedge shape, the gap being one-half inch at the bottom and three-quarters of an inch at the top. The upper three feet of the wires are covered with a glass tube. It is well known that if an induction coil is connected ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
10Articles: DFG German National LicensesCOLWELL, R. C. ; FRIEND, A. W. ; HALL, N. I. ; HILL, L. R.
[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
Published 1936Staff ViewISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] IN our recent letter to NATURE1, we did not mean to infer that reflections from the 60 km. level had not been found before. So early as 1930, Appleton2 noticed reflections of this type. In 1935, Mitra and Syam3 recorded reflections from this level ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
11Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] IN his book on “Gyrostatics and Rotational Motion”, the late Prof. Andrew Gray explained how a top can be made to move along two parallel horizontal wires when they are rocked so as to change the point of support from one wire to the other. A few years ago, I discovered that a spinning top will ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
12Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-4687Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyMedicineNatural Sciences in GeneralPhysicsNotes: [Auszug] IF a gyroscope is made with a heavy frame having a mass equal to or greater than the mass of the disk, then when the disk is set in rapid rotation about a vertical axis and the frame (provided with a supporting point) placed upon a smooth surface (Fig. 1a), the friction between the axle and the ...Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
13Articles: DFG German National LicensesVoll, M. J. ; Isbister, J. ; Isaki, L. ; McCommas, M. ; Colwell, R. R.
Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Published 1977Staff ViewISSN: 1749-6632Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005Topics: Natural Sciences in GeneralType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
14Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1476-5535Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyProcess Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition TechnologyType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
15Articles: DFG German National LicensesGrimes, D. J. ; Colwell, R. R. ; Stemmler, J. ; Hada, H. ; Maneval, D. ; Hetrick, F. M. ; May, E. B. ; Jones, R. T. ; Stoskopf, M.
Springer
Published 1984Staff ViewISSN: 1438-3888Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract TwoVibrio species identified asV. damsela and a new sucrose-positiveVibrio sp.,V. carchariae sp. nov., were simultaneously isolated from a brown shark which died while being held in captivity at a large aquarium. Pathogenicity studies were subsequently conducted using a variety of elasmobranchs, including smooth dogfish and lemon sharks. Both bacterial strains proved pathogenic, causing death in nearly all of the elasmobranch hosts challenged. Virulence studies revealed that both bacterial strains were cytotoxic for Y-1 mouse adrenal cells. TheV. damsela strain was highly cytotoxic causing Y-1 cellular damage at culture supernatant dilutions up to 1 : 128. Both strains were hemolytic, but neither exhibited the Kanagawa phenomenon. They were both capable of urea hydrolysis, an interesting trait, considering that elasmobranchs retain large (ca 300 milliosmolal) urea concentration in their tissue.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
16Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1438-3888Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract SeveralVibrio spp. cause disease in marine fish populations, both wild and cultured. The most common disease, vibriosis, is caused byV. anguillarum. However, increase in the intensity of mariculture, combined with continuing improvements in bacterial systematics, expands the list ofVibrio spp. that cause fish disease. The bacterial pathogens, species of fish affected, virulence mechanisms, and disease treatment and prevention are included as topics of emphasis in this review.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
17Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1904Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyChemistry and PharmacologyNatural Sciences in GeneralType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
18Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1793Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract Water, sediment and microorganisms were sampled at stations along a trackline in the Atlantic Ocean off the North Carolina Coast (USA) at depths of 9 to 5,000 m. Selected chemical and physical parameters were measured. At three of the stations, microorganisms isolated from sediment were examined for ability to degrade a number of petroleum hydrocarbons. Media made up with seawater or salts solution supplemented with nitrate and phosphate were employed in the degradation studies; significant growth and hydrocarbon degradation was observed. Bacteria from sediment samples collected at a depth of 5,000 m showed greater growth and hydrocarbon degradation when cultured in a sea-water medium than in media made up with salts solution. Growth of bacteria in sediment samples collected at two stations was found to be suppressed in sea-water medium when a 1% (v/v) mixture of 19 different petroleum hydrocarbons was added. The hydrocarbon mixture was useful in determining the hydrocarbon degrading potential of microorganisms isolated from the ocean environment.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
19Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-1793Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: BiologyNotes: Abstract Studies of the seasonal distribution of heterotrophic bacteria in Chesapeake Bay (USA) led us to the observation that fungizone was selective for actinomycetes without appreciably altering the total viable aerobic, heterotrophic bacterial counts. A study of the actinomycete populations in the Bay was undertaken, with several media compared for ability to enrich for actinomycetes: basal, casein, Czapek, starch-casein, glycerol-glycine, chitin and oil agar No. 2. Between 40 and 100% of the colonies appearing on chitin and oil No. 2 media were found to be actinomycetes, compared with 〈2% for the other media employed. It was also found that if sediment samples are frozen, a practice followed when laboratory facilities are not available in the field, a decrease in the total counts and in the actinomycete colony counts occurred. However, on a proportional basis, a slight increase in the percent actinomycetes was noted. A minimum of 21 days incubation time is recommended for recovery of actinomycetes. Also, the absence of NaCl from the actinomycete isolation media and incubation temperatures ≥15°C should give good recoveries of actinomycetes. A seasonal distribution of actinomycetes was noted for Chesapeake Bay, with maximal populations of actinomycetes observed in March and November. Actinomycetes were isolated in the ocean from depths ranging from 7 to 7,790 m. Greater numbers of actinomycetes were isolated using an incubation temperature of 25°C for the estuarine stations and 15°C for the deep-ocean stations. Greater numbers of actinomycetes were associated with polluted environments close to shore.Type of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: -
20Articles: DFG German National LicensesStaff View
ISSN: 1432-0800Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power EngineeringMedicineType of Medium: Electronic ResourceURL: